Anthony Wayne (1745-1796)
Jan 1 American military leader (Legion of the United States), born in Easttown Township, Province of Pennsylvania
- Jan 6 Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier, French inventor and pioneer balloonist (Montgolfière-style hot air balloon), born in Annonay, France (d. 1799)
- Jan 7 Johann Christian Fabricius, Danish Entomologist (named nearly 10,000 species), born in Tønder, Duchy of Schleswig (d. 1808)
- Jan 9 Caleb Strong, 6th and 10th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1819)
- Jan 17 Nicolas Roze, French composer, born in Mercurey, France (d. 1819)
- Jan 23 William Jessop, English canal engineer, born in Plymouth, United Kingdom (d. 1814)