- Aug 1 Ivan Gagarin, Russian Jesuit and founding editor of Études, born in Moscow (d. 1882)
- Aug 1 Maxcy Gregg, American Brigadier General (Confederate Army), born in Columbia, South Carolina (d. 1862)
- Aug 8 Esther Morris [Esther Hobart McQuigg], American suffragist, anti-slavery activist, and 1st female justice of the peace in the US, born in Tioga County, New York (d. 1902)
Henri Nestlé (1814-1890)
Aug 10 German-Swiss industrialist (founder of Nestlé), born in Frankfurt, Germany
- Aug 10 Jacob Edvard Gille, Swedish composer, born in Stockholm, Sweden (d. 1880)
- Aug 10 John Clifford Pemberton, Lt Gen (Confederate Army), (d. 1881)
- Aug 10 William Lowndes Yancey, MC (Confederacy), (d. 1863)
- Aug 13 Anders Jonas Ångström, Swedish physicist (Spectroscopy), born in Lögdö, Medelpad, Sweden (d. 1874)
- Aug 14 Henry Hayes Lockwood, American Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Kent County, Delaware (d. 1899)
- Aug 23 James Roosevelt Bayley, first Bishop of Newark, New Jersey, and the eighth Archbishop of Baltimore, born in New York City (d. 1877)
- Aug 28 Sheridan Le Fanu, Irish writer (The House by the Churchyard), born in Dublin, Ireland (d. 1873)
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