- Aug 1 Hawaii National Park forms
- Aug 2 World War I: Austrian sabotage causes the sinking of the Italian battleship Leonardo da Vinci in Taranto
- Aug 4 Denmark and the United States sign a treaty whereby the Danish West Indies, including the Virgin Islands, are to be ceded to the US in 1917 for $25 million
Picasso Photographed
Aug 12 Pablo Picasso, Max Jacob, Moïse Kisling, Ortiz and Paquerette are photographed in Paris
- Aug 17 Bulgarian offensive in Macedonia
- Aug 21 Sir Roger Casement, an Ulster Protestant and ardent Irish nationalist, arrested by the British
- Aug 23 Military court of Berlin sentences socialist Karl Liebknecht to 4 years
- Aug 25 US Department of Interior forms National Park Service
- Aug 26 Philadelphia Athletic's Bullet Joe Bush no-hits Cleveland, 5-0
- Aug 27 Romania declares war on Austria-Hungary
- Aug 28 Germany declares war on Romania
- Aug 28 Italy declares war against Germany
- Aug 29 Congress creates US Naval Reserve
Hindenburg Chief of Staff
Aug 29 General Paul von Hindenburg replaces Von Falkenhayn as German chief of staff
Admirals
Aviators
Gangsters
Generals
Industrialists
Suffragists