- Jan 1 Philippus Rovenius, Dutch vicar who led the Catholic church in the Netherlands, born in Deventer (d. 1651)
- Jan 10 Simon Marius, German astronomer, born in Gunzenhausen, Germany (d. 1624)
- Jan 31 Ambrosius Metzger, German composer,Meistersinger, lyriciat, and teacher, born in Nüremberg (d. 1632)
- Feb 22 Gemignano Capilupi, Italian choral music composer, baptized in Modena, Duchy of Modena and Reggio, House of Este (d. 1616)
- Feb 28 Elias Hill, German architect (city of Augsburg) (d. 1646)
- Apr 13 Christina of Holstein-Gottorp, Queen consort of Sweden as the wife of King Charles IX, born in Kiel, Germany (d. 1625)
- Apr 17 Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria, born in Munich, Germany (d. 1651)
- Apr 26 Marie de' Medici, Queen of France, born in Palazzo Pitti, Florence (d. 1642)
- Jun 9 Henrik Hondius [De Hondt], Flemish-Dutch etcher and publisher (Effigies of some celebrated painters, chiefly of Lower Germany), born in Duffel, Flanders (d. c.a. 1650)
- Jul 15 Inigo Jones, English architect (Queen's House, Covent Garden), born in London, England (d. 1652)
- Aug 16 Anna of Austria, Queen of Poland as consort of King Sigismund III Vasa, born in Graz, Austria (d. 1598)
- Oct 3 Entonius Walaeus, Dutch Calvinist theologist, born in Ghent, Belgium (d. 1639)
- Oct 6 Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, English patron of the theater, born in Cowdray House, Sussex, England (d. 1624)
- Oct 7 William Laud, English Archbishop of Canterbury (1633-45), born in Reading, Berkshire, England (d. 1645)
- Oct 11 Jacob Boonen, South Netherlands clergyman and lawyer, born in Antwerp, Belgium (d. 1655)
- Dec 22 Ernst Casimir I, count of Nassau-Dietz and Stadtholder of Friesland, Groningen, and Drenthe, born in Dillenburg, Germany (d. 1632)
- Dec 31 Giulio Cesare Monteverdi, Italian organist and composer (Deh chi tace il bel pensero), baptized in Cremona, Italy (d. 1630 or 31)
20-29
30-39
40-49
50-59
80-89
Over 90