- Jan 2 Nathaniel Bacon, British-born American colonist (leader of 1676 Bacon's Rebellion, Virginia), born in Suffolk, England (d. 1676)
- Jan 7 Wilhelm Ludwig, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1677)
- Jan 30 Konrad Hoffler, German composer, born in Free Imperial City of Nuremberg, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1705)
- Mar 12 Victor-Maurice, comte de Broglie, French general (d. 1727)
- Apr 1 John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, English poet (A Satyr Against Reason and Mankind) and courtier of King Charles II, born in Oxfordshire, England (d. 1680)
- May 3 Joannes Antonides van der Goes, Dutch poet (Bellone aen bant), born in Goes, Netherlands (d. 1684)
- Jun 20 Johann Georg III, Elector of Saxony (1680-91), born in Dresden, Electorate of Saxony, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1691)
- Jul 2 Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham, English Tory statesman, born in London (d. 1730)
- Jul 21 John Graham of Claverhouse, 1st Viscount Dundee and soldier, born in Glen Ogilvie, Scotland (d. 1689)
- Jul 22 Margaretha Mary Alacoque, French Roman Catholic saint and mystic, born in L'Hautecour, France (d. 1690)
- Aug 12 Johann Heinrich Acker, German writer (d. 1719)
- Aug 22 Denis Papin, French physicist (Papiniaanse pot, steam machine), born in Blois, France (d. 1712)
- Sep 4 Gerhard Noodt, Dutch lawyer, born in Nijemegen, Netherlands (d. 1725)
- Sep 23 Joseph Dudley, American statesman (d. 1720)
- Oct 3 Johannes Voet, Dutch lawyer, born in Utrecht, Netherlands (d. 1713)
- Nov 8 Pierre Bayle, French philosopher and writer (Historical and Critical Dictionary), born in Carla-le-Comte, Kingdom of France (d. 1706)
Year of the Rabbit
Year of the Dragon
Year of the Snake
Year of the Horse
Year of the Goat/Sheep
Year of the Monkey