- Dec 1 Nikolai Lobachevsky, Russian mathematician (Lobachevskian geometry), born in Nizhny Novgorod (d. 1856)
- Dec 6 Abraham Jacob van der Aa, Dutch lexicographer (Biographic Dictionary), born in Amsterdam (d. 1857)
- Dec 6 William II, King of the Netherlands, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, and Duke of Limburg (1840-49), born in Noordeinde Palace, The Hague, Dutch Republic (d. 1849)
- Dec 12 Alexandros Ypsilanti, Greek resistance fighter, born in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (d. 1828)
- Dec 19 Andries Hendrik Potgieter, Boer leader (led Voortrekkers group to settle Transvaal), born in Graaff-Reinet district, Cape Colony (d. 1852)
- Dec 20 Nicolas Charlet, French painter, born in Paris, France (d. 1845)
- Dec 29 Sir Archibald Alison, 1st Baronet, Scottish historian (History of Europe), born in Shropshire, England (d. 1867)
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