Turkish History Timeline (Part 2)

Events 201 - 400 of 468

• 1912-03-05 Italian forces are the first to use airships for military purposes, using them for reconnaissance behind Turkish lines.
• 1912-03-13 Bulgaria and Serbia conclude an alliance pact ostensibly against Austria, but it secretly provides for a possible war against Turkey
• 1912-04-18 Tripolitan War: in continuing hostilities, Turkey closes the Dardanelles Straits after an Italian naval bombardment of the coastline

• 1912-05-04 Italian mariners occupy Turkish Island of Rhodes
• 1912-05-29 15 young women are fired by Curtis Publishing in Philadelphia for dancing the "Turkey Trot" during their lunch break
• 1912-09-15 War between Turkey & Montenegro breaks out in Albania
• 1912-10-08 Montenegro declares war on Turkey, beginning 1st Balkan War
• 1912-10-14 Cretan representatives are admitted to the Greek assembly; in doing so the Greek Government challenges the Turkish Government
• 1912-10-17 Bulgaria, Greece & Serbia declares war on Turkey
• 1912-10-18 The First Balkan War breaks out, with Bulgaria, Serbia, and Greece opposed to Turkey

• 1912-10-19 Tripoli (Libya) passes from Turkish to Italian control
• 1912-11-18 Cholera breaks out in Constantinople, in the Ottoman Empire
• 1912-11-28 Ismail Qemali declares Albania independent from Turkey in Vlorë
• 1912-12-03 Turkey, Serbia, Montenegro, Greece & Bulgaria sign weapons pact
• 1912-12-16 First Balkan War: The Ottoman Navy is defeated by the Royal Hellenic Navy at the Battle of Eli
• 1912-12-17 Albania's de facto independence from the Ottoman Empire is recognized at the London Conference of Ambassadors
• 1913-01-06 Attempting to end hostilities in the Balkans, the London Peace Conference breaks down because Turkey refuses to cede Adrianpole, the Aegean island, and Crete
• 1913-01-18 Turkish-Greek sea battle near Troy

• 1913-04-16 Bulgarians and the Turks agree to an armistice that will be accepted by the other nations involved
• 1913-05-30 Treaty of London signed by the Great Powers, the Ottoman Empire and the victorious Balkan League (Serbia, Greece, Kingdom of Bulgaria, and Montenegro) bringing an end to the First Balkan War
• 1913-07-20 Turkish troops take Adrianopel & Erdine from Bulgaria
• 1913-09-21 Turkey and Bulgaria sign peace treaty in Constantinople
• 1913-09-29 The Treaty of Constantinople between Turkey and Bulgaria restores peace; the Turks recover Adrianople and Maritza River line
• 1914-02-21 In a secret meeting of civil and military leaders, Russian Foreign Minister Sazonov convinces them to support a plan for seizing the straits, controlled by Turkey, that block access to the Mediterranean
• 1914-03-14 Serbia & Turkey sign peace treaty

• 1914-08-02 Germany and Turkey sign secret treaty of alliance
• 1914-08-10 German battle cruiser Goeben reaches Dardanellen/Turkey joins Germany
• 1914-10-01 The Prince of Asir, the southern region of Arabia, rises in revolt against the Turks; his actions will inspire other Arab leaders to revolt
• 1914-10-04 Dardanelles: French & British fleet bombards Turkish forts
• 1914-10-29 Turkish warships storm Black Sea
• 1914-10-31 Great Britain & France declare war on Turkey
• 1914-11-02 Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire
• 1914-11-05 Britain declares war on Turkey and annexes Cyprus, occupied since 1878; the immediate reason is to keep it from being taken by Turkey
• 1914-11-06 The British land troops (mostly from the Indian Army) at the head of the Persian Gulf in Mesopotamia, and will begin to move westward in an attempt to draw Turkish troops from other fronts
• 1914-11-12 Turks sultan Jamal Pasja declares a German holy war
• 1914-12-17 Jews are expelled from Tel Aviv by Turkish authorities
• 1914-12-28 Turks are repulsed by the Russians after fighting in Armenia for weeks
• 1915-01-04 Trans-Caucausus Russian defeat Turkish troops
• 1915-02-03 Turkish & German army reach Suez Canal
• 1915-04-14 Turkey invades Armenia
• 1915-04-20 The Armenians rise and seize the Turkish town of Van, which they hold until Russians relieve them on 19 May; thousands of Armenians are killed
• 1915-04-24 Leaders of the Armenian community in Constantinople (now Istanbul) are arrested by Ottoman authorities, and many later killed, marking the start of the Armenian Genocide

• 1915-08-07 WWI: Assault against Russell's Top at Gallipolis, Turkey - 232 Australians are killed
• 1915-08-21 Italy declares war on Turkey in World War One
• 1915-09-28 Battle of Kut-el-Amara: British defeat Turks in Mesopotamia
• 1915-11-23 On the Tigris River in Mesopotamia, the Battle of Ctesiphon between Allied and Turkish forces enters its second day

• 1916-01-09 The Ottoman Empire prevails in the Battle of Çanakkale, as the last British troops evacuated
• 1916-02-16 Russian troops conquer the Ottoman Empire city of Erzurum during WWI
• 1916-05-09 British-France Sykes-Picot conference over division of Turkey
• 1916-06-05 The Sherif Hussein proclaims a revolt of the Arabs in the province of Hejaz, an action that undermines the Turkish Empire
• 1916-06-10 Hashemite-led Arabs of the Hejaz rise up against the ruling Ottoman Empire in the Great Arab Revolt of World War I
• 1916-08-04 The Turks attack the British line at Romani in the northern Sinai (WWI)
• 1916-08-10 Turks annex Persian city Hamadan from Russia
• 1916-12-23 World War I: Battle of Magdhaba - Allied forces defeat Turkish forces in Egypt's Sinai peninsula
• 1917-03-11 British forces occupy Baghdad, the capital of Mesopotamia, after Turkish forces evacuated
• 1917-03-26 British win a battle against Turks at Gaza
• 1917-03-28 Jews are expelled from Tel Aviv & Jaffa by Turkish authorities
• 1917-05-20 Turkish government authorizes Jews to return to Tel Aviv & Jaffa

• 1917-08-17 Italy declares war on Turkey
• 1917-11-07 British capture Gaza, Palestine, from Turks
• 1918-02-21 Australians chase Turkish troop out of Jericho, Dutch Palestine
• 1918-05-26 Armenia defeats the Ottoman Army in the Battle of Sardarapat
• 1918-06-25 Baku-Turkish communist party forms

• 1918-08-17 Turkish troops overthrow Caukasus
• 1918-10-30 WWI: Turkey signs an armistice with the Allies, agreeing to end hostilities at noon on 31 October
• 1919-05-19 Mustafa Kemal Atatürk lands at Samsun on the Black Sea coast, beginning the Turkish War of Independence
• 1919-06-19 Opposed to dismemberment of Turkey by the Allies, Mustafa Kemal declares his Turkish Nationalist Congress, headquartered in Ankara, independent of Constantinople
• 1919-09-04 Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who founded the Republic of Turkey, gathers a congress in Sivas to make decisions as to the future of Anatolia and Thrace.
• 1920-04-23 Turkish Grand National Assembly 1st meets in Ankara, under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk denounces the government of Sultan Mehmed VI and announces a temporary constitution
• 1920-08-10 Treaty of Sèvres (Allies & Turkey)
• 1920-08-10 Turkish government renounces its claim to Israel, recognizes British mandate
• 1920-08-24 With British approval, Greece is encouraged to take offensive action against Turkish nationalists in Asia Minor
• 1920-12-03 Turkey & Armenia agree to peace treaty
• 1921-01-03 Turkey makes peace with Armenia
• 1921-01-20 Republic of Turkey declared out of remnants of the Ottoman Empire
• 1921-02-21 The London Conference on the Near East begins: the issue is the Allies' 1920 Treaty of Sevres, which had given part of Turkish Asia Minor to Greece
• 1921-06-19 Turks and Christians of Palestine sign a friendship treaty against Jews
• 1921-08-24 Battle of Sakaray Valley begins between Turkey & Greece
• 1922-07-29 Greek troops defeat Turkish forces and are on their way to Constantinople, but the Allies forbid them taking the city
• 1922-09-07 In Aydin, Turkey, independence of Aydin, from Greek occupation
• 1922-09-09 Turkish troops conquer Smyrna and murder Greek citizens
• 1922-09-16 Turkish troops chase Greeks out of Asia
• 1922-10-11 Turkey & Greece sign cease fire
• 1922-11-01 Mustafa Kemal Ataturk takes Constantinople from Mehmed VI, proclaiming the Republic of Turkey and bringing an end to the Ottoman Empire
• 1922-11-16 Ottoman Caliph, Sultan Mehmed VI asks the British army for help
• 1922-11-17 The last sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed VI, is expelled to Malta on a British warship
• 1922-11-18 Turkish National Assembly nominates Abdul Medjid kalief
• 1923-07-24 Allied Powers and Turkey sign peace treaty, Lausanne
• 1923-08-13 Turkish National Congress selects Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Pasha as 1st President of Turkey
• 1923-10-13 Angora (Ankara) becomes Turkey's capital
• 1923-10-29 Kemal Atatürk declares Turkey a republic (successor state to Ottoman Empire)
• 1923-10-29 Mustafa Kemal officially confirms Turkey as a republic (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), now commemorated annually as the Republic Day of Turkey
• 1924-03-03 German & Turkish friendship/trade treaty signed
• 1924-05-29 AEK Athens FC is established on the anniversary of the siege of Constantinople by the Turks
• 1924-08-16 Dutch-Turkish peace treaty signed
• 1924-08-26 The Catastrophe of Smyrna: known as the Asia Minor Catastrophe to Greeks. The Ottoman army expels Greeks and other non-Turks from Asia Minor. (August 13 OS)
• 1925-01-30 Turkish government throws out Constantine VI of Constantinople
• 1925-02-26 Jihad against Turkish government
• 1925-04-28 Kurdish rebels surrender to Turkish army
• 1925-12-17 Soviet Union & Turkey sign non-aggresion pact
• 1926-04-22 Persia, Turkey & Afghanistan sign treaties of security
• 1926-09-01 Turkey allows civil marriage

• 1927-02-16 US restores diplomatic relations with Turkey
• 1928-04-09 Turkey passes separation of church & state
• 1928-11-01 Turkey passes a new alphabet law switching from the Arabic to the Latin alphabet

• 1929-02-27 Turkey signs Litvinov-pact
• 1929-03-06 Turkey & Bulgaria sign friendship treaty
• 1929-08-24 Turkey & Persia sign friendship treaty
• 1929-12-06 Turkey introduces female suffrage

• 1930-10-30 Turkey & Greece sign a treaty of friendship
• 1931-05-04 Mustafa Kemal Pasja becomes Turkish president
• 1934-02-09 Balkan Entente alliance forms (Yugoslavia, Greece, Turkey & Romania)
• 1934-11-26 Turkish parliament bestows President Mustafa Kemal with the surname Atatürk, meaning 'Father of the Turks' as part of the country's modernization effort
• 1935-01-01 President Mustapha Kemal Pasha names himself "Ataturk: Father of Turkey"
• 1935-02-06 1st election to allow women to vote in Turkey
• 1936-07-10 New Straits Convention allows Turkish re-armament of Dardanelles
• 1938-07-04 France-Turkish friendship treaty

• 1939-06-23 France turns over Sanjak of Alexandretta (Hatay) to Turkey
• 1939-12-26 Earthquake in East Anatolia Turkey
• 1939-12-27 Between 20,000 and 40,000 die in magnitude 8 earthquake in Erzincam, Turkey
• 1941-06-18 Turkey signs peace treaty with Nazi Germany

• 1944-06-19 Heavy air raid on US fleet at Guam "Turkey Shoot"
• 1944-08-02 Turkey breaks diplomatic relationship with Nazi Germany
• 1945-02-25 WWII: Turkey declares war on Germany
• 1947-05-22 "Truman Doctrine" goes into effect, aiding Turkey and Greece
• 1949-03-29 Turkey recognizes Israel
• 1950-05-22 Celal Bayar elected President of Turkey
• 1950-06-06 Turkey: The Adhan in Arabic is legalized.
• 1953-03-18 7.5 magnitude earthquake strikes Yenice–Gönen in western Turkey, 1070 die

• 1955-02-18 Baghdad Pact signed, making Turkey & Iraq a defense alliance
• 1955-02-24 Pact of Baghdad signed between Iraq & Turkey
• 1955-11-29 Turkish government of Menderes resigns
• 1955-12-08 Turkish government of Menderes forms
• 1957-10-08 Turkish & Syrian border guards exchange fire
• 1957-10-27 Celal Bayar re-elected president of Turkey
• 1958-06-07 Battles between Turkish & Greeks Cypriots break out
• 1959-02-19 Britain, Turkey & Greece sign agreement granting Cyprus independence
• 1959-05-30 Iraq withdraws from the Baghdad Pact (Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey, and the United Kingdom)
• 1960-05-27 Military coup overthrows democratic government of Turkey
• 1962-06-25 İnönü government forms in Turkey

• 1963-12-24 Greek & Turks riot in Cyprus
• 1964-02-11 Greek & Turks begin fighting in Limassol, Cyprus
• 1964-02-12 Fighting breaks out between Turks and Greeks over dispute islands in Cyprus and 16 are killed; the UN responds the following month by sending a peacekeeping force
• 1964-03-13 Turkey threatens Cyprus with armed attack
• 1964-08-07 Turkey begins air attack on Greek Cypriots
• 1965-02-20 Turkish government of Uerguplu forms
• 1965-07-21 Pakistan, Iran and Turkey sign Regional Co-Operation pact
• 1966-08-19 Earthquake strikes Varto region in eastern Turkey with 6.8 magnitude killing around 2,400
• 1966-12-07 A fire at an army barracks in Erzurum, Turkey kills 68 people.
• 1967-12-29 Turkish-Cypriot government forms in Cyprus
• 1969-10-17 Plastic Ono Band's "Cold Turkey" is released in UK
• 1970-03-28 1,086 die when 7.4 quake destroys 254 villages in Gediz Turkey
• 1970-10-15 Russian passenger flight hijacked to Turkey
• 1971-03-04 "City Command" kidnaps 4 US military men at Ankara, Turkey
• 1971-03-12 Turkish Government of Demirel forced to resign by Army
• 1971-04-26 Turkey state of siege proclaimed
• 1973-09-26 Turkey's state of siege ends (after 2½ years)

• 1974-03-03 Turkish Airlines Flight 981 crashes in the Ermenonville Forest outside Paris, killing all 346 people onboard
• 1974-07-20 Turkey invades Cyprus establishing Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
• 1974-08-11 Head-on collision between two buses kills 21 (Ankara, Turkey)
• 1974-08-14 Turkish army attacks Nicosia Cyprus
• 1975-02-13 Turkish Cypriot leader Rauf Denktash proclaims Turkish-Cypriot Federation
• 1975-09-06 6.8 quake along Anatolian Fault kills over 2,000 in Lice, Turkey
• 1975-10-22 Turkish diplomat shot to death in Vienna
• 1975-10-24 Turkish diplomat shot dead in Paris
• 1977-06-21 Bülent Ecevit forms a minority government in Turkey which lasts only 1 month
• 1978-01-05 Bülent Ecevit becomes Prime Minister of Turkey for the 3rd time
• 1979-04-13 Christian Turks occupy St Jansbasiliek

• 1980-09-12 Military coup under General Kenan Evren in Turkey
• 1981-05-13 Pope John Paul II is shot and critically wounded by Turkish gunman Mehmet Ali Ağca in St Peter's Square, Vatican City

• 1982-03-24 US sub Jacksonville collides with a Turkish freighter near Virginia
• 1982-11-07 Turkey adopts constitution
• 1983-11-06 Turkish General Election won by Turgut Özals' Moederland Party wins in first elections since 1980 coup [1]
• 1983-11-15 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus proclaimed
• 1984-08-15 The PKK in Turkey starts a campaign of armed attacks upon the Turkish military
• 1986-04-05 US soldier & Turkish woman killed in West Berlin disco bombing
• 1987-04-14 Turkey asks to join European market
• 1988-06-15 Turkish premier Özal meets Greek premier Papandreou in Athens
• 1988-07-03 The Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey is completed, providing the second connection between the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosphorus
• 1989-10-31 Turgat Ozal elected president of Turkey
• 1990-08-27 52 Americans arrive in Turkey from Iraq
• 1992-03-03 Gas explodes in coal mine at Zonguldak Turkey, 263 die

• Previous
• 1
• 2
• 3
• Next

• Bülent Ecevit
• Enver Pasha
• Mahmud II
• Mehmed the Conqueror
• Mehmet Ali Ağca
• Mustafa Kemal Atatürk