- Aug 1 Frank Little, IWW organizer, lynched in Butte, Montana
- Aug 4 Pravda calls for the killing of all capitalists, priests and officers
- Aug 5 British troops attack canal of Ypres in Boesinghe, Belgium
- Aug 5 The entire US National Guard is taken into national service, subject to presidential rather than state control
- Aug 6 World War I: Battle of Mărăşeşti between the Romanian and German armies begins
- Aug 13 A revolt in Catalonia, the province in northeast Spain that has long seen itself as independent
- Aug 13 Milt Stock (2), Fred Luderus (2) and Possum Whitted of the Philadelphia Phillies steal 5 bases in an inning in 3-0 win against Boston at Braves Field
- Aug 14 China declares war on Germany & Austria
Owen meets Sassoon
Aug 15 Poets Wilfred Owen and Siegfried Sassoon first met at Craiglockhart War Hospital, Edinburgh, go on to have an profound influence on each other's work (actual date 15-19 Aug)
Queen's Hospital
Aug 18 The Queen's Hospital opens to provide pioneering plastic surgery for WWI soldiers, led by Harold Gillies in Sidcup, England
- Aug 19 Sunday benefit baseball game at NYC's Polo Grounds results in John McGraw & Christy Mathewson's arrest for violating Blue laws
- Aug 22 Pittsburgh Pirates play 4th straight extra inning game; left fielder Carson Bigbee sets MLB record of 11 at-bats in 22 inning, 6-5 loss to Brooklyn Dodgers at Ebbets Field
- Aug 23 Race riot in Houston Texas (2 blacks & 11 whites killed)
- Aug 25 US National Championship Men's Tennis, Forest Hills, NY: Robert Lindley Murray beats Nathaniel W. Niles 5-7, 8-6, 6-3, 6-3 for first of 2 straight US singles titles
- Aug 27 Indians set club record by stealing eight bases in a game
- Aug 28 Ten suffragists arrested as they picket The White House
- Aug 29 Canadian Parliament passes the Compulsory Military Act which is opposed by many French-Canadians from Québec and farmers across the country [1]
Sun Yat-sen Takes Command
Aug 31 In China, Sun Yat-sen and his supporters' 'rump' parliament establishes a military government and elects Sun Yat-sen as commander-in-Chief
Admirals
Aviators
Gangsters
Generals
Industrialists
Suffragists