Charlemagne

Profession: Holy Roman Emperor

Nationality: Frank

Biography: Charlemagne was the first Holy Roman Emperor known as the "Father of Europe" for his role in unifying much of Western Europe. He expanded his kingdom through military conquests, all the while promoting education and culture with his realms.

Charlemagne became King of the Franks in 768, sharing the rule with his brother Carloman. After Carloman's death in 771, Charlemagne became sole ruler and began a series of military campaigns to expand his territory.

In 774, Charlemagne conquered the Lombards in Italy, adding their kingdom to his own. He then turned his attention to the Saxons, waging a long war against them. This conflict included the Massacre of Verden in 782, where thousands of Saxons were executed.

Charlemagne's relationship with the Church grew stronger over time. On Christmas Day in 800, Pope Leo III crowned him Emperor of the Romans, an event which marked the beginning of the Holy Roman Empire.

During his reign, Charlemagne encouraged learning and the arts, a period of cultural growth known as the Carolingian Renaissance. He established schools and made efforts to attract scholars to his court.

Charlemagne had a large family, with at least 20 children from multiple marriages and relationships. He chose his son Louis the Pious as his successor. Charlemagne died in 814, with his reign marking the transition from ancient to medieval times in Europe.

Born: April 2, 742
Birthplace: Liège, Frankish Kingdom
Star Sign: Aries

Died: January 28, 814 (aged 71)
Cause of Death: Pleurisy