1940-06-14 Auschwitz concentration and extermination camp opens in Nazi controlled Poland with Polish POWs, later expanded to include civilian Jews, Roman Catholics, Gypsies and Soviet POWs (at least 1.1 million would die within its walls)
1942-10-05 Budy Massacre at Auschwitz sub-camp, 90 French-Jewish women beaten to death by prison guards
1943-01-24 Jewish patients, nurses and doctors incinerated at Auschwitz-Birkenau
1943-08-18 Final convoy of Jews from Salonika, Greece, arrives at Auschwitz
1943-09-07 987 Dutch Jewish transported to Auschwitz Concentration Camp
1944-03-27 Transport No. 70 departs Drancy (France) internment camp, taking 1,000 French Jews to Auschwitz extermination camp in Nazi German occupied Poland; 480 killed upon arrival, approximately 152 survive the war
1944-04-13 Transport No. 71 departs Drancy (France) internment camp, taking 1,500 French Jews to Auschwitz concentration camp in Nazi German occupied Poland; up to 1,260 killed upon arrival, an estimated 130 survived
1944-04-14 1st Jews transported from Athens arrive at Auschwitz
1944-05-15 14,000 Jews of Munkacs, Hungary, deported to Auschwitz
1944-05-16 1st of 180,000+ Hungarian Jews reach Auschwitz
1944-05-19 240 gypsies transported to Auschwitz from Westerbork, Netherlands, including Sinti girl Settela Steinbach famously filmed by Jewish photographer Rudolf Breslauer
1944-05-30 Transport No. 75 departs Drancy (France) internment camp, taking 1,000 French Jews to Auschwitz extermination camp in Nazi German occupied Poland; 627 killed upon arrival, approximately 99 survive the war
1944-07-31 Last deportation train out Mechelen departs to Auschwitz
Charles R. Drew
Howard Florey
James Black
John Snow
Karl Ferdinand von Graefe
Magnus Hirschfeld