- Jan 6 Thomas Fincke, Danish mathematician, born in Flensburg, Germany (d. 1656)
Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
Jan 22 English statesman, Lord Chancellor (1617-21) and philosopher (Novum Organum), born in London
- Mar 29 Santorio Sanctorius, Venetian physiologist and physician (invented thermometer), born in Venice (d. 1636)
- Jun 24 Rombout Hogerbeets, Dutch lawyer and City Solicitor of Leiden, born in Hoorn, Netherlands (d. 1625)
- Jul 11 Luis de Góngora, Spanish poet and writer, born in Córdoba, Spain (d. 1627)
- Aug 20 Jacopo Peri, Italian composer and singer who wrote the 1st recognized opera "Dafne", born in Rome (d. 1633)
- Aug 24 Bartholomeus Pitiscus, German mathematician (Trigonometry), born in Zielona Góra, Poland (d. 1613)
- Aug 25 Philippe van Lansberge, Dutch astronomer, born in Ghent, Belgium (d. 1632)
- Sep 10 Hernando Arias de Saavedra, Spanish-American colonial governor, born in Asunción (d. 1634)
- Sep 29 Adriaan van Roomen, Flemish mathematician, born in Leuven (d. 1615)
- Oct 24 Anthony Babington, English page and conspirator to Mary, Queen of Scots convicted of plotting the assassination of Elizabeth I, born in Dethick, England (d. 1586)
- Nov 21 Charles Scribani, Flemish Jesuit and author, born in Brussels, Belgium (d. 1629)
- Dec 7 Kikkawa Hiroie, Japanese daimyō of the Azuchi–Momoyama period through early Edo period (d. 1625)
- Dec 9 Edwin Sandys, English politician (leading Parliamentary opponent of King James I of England) and a founder of Virginia colony, born in Worcestershire, England (d. 1629)
20-29
30-39
40-49
50-59
80-89
Over 90