- Jan 4 Jakob Balde, German poet (Jephthe), born in Ensisheim, Alsace, Further Austria, Habsburg Empire (now France) (d. 1668)
- Mar 19 John IV (also known as João, o Restaurador), King of Portugal (1640-56), composer, and musicologist, born at Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa, Vila Viçosa, Portugal (d. 1656)
- Apr 5 Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine (1624-75), born in Nancy, France (d. 1675)
- May 10 Jean Mairet, French dramatist famous for tragedies (Sophonisbe) and comedies, born in Besançon, France (d. 1686)
- Jun 4 Claudia de' Medici, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, born in Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Tuscany (d. 1648)
- Jun 17 Johan Maurits, Dutch nobleman, Prince of Nassau-Siegen (1964-79), Governor of Dutch Brazil (1637-43), and military leader (Eighty Years War; Dutch-Portuguese War), born in Dillenburg, Holy Roman Empire (now Germany) (d. 1679)
- Jun 28 Heinrich Albert, German composer (Arien oder Melodien), and poet, born in Lobenstein, Imperial County of Reuss, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1651)
- Aug 4 François Hédelin, abbé d'Aubignac, French writer, born in Paris (d. 1676)
- Aug 5 John Eliot, English Puritan missionary "Apostle to Indians," and Bible translator, baptized in Widford, England (d. 1690)
- Aug 12 Tokugawa Iemitsu, Japanese shogun (d. 1651)
- Sep 13 William Brereton, 1st Baronet, English soldier and politician, born in Brereton Hall, Cheshire, England (d. 1661)
- Nov 3 Osman II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1618-22), born in Topkapi Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (d. 1622)
- Nov 15 Davis Mell, British violinist, composer, and clockmaker, born in Wilton, England (d. 1662)
- Dec 7 Ambrosius Reiner, German composer, born in Altdorf, Weingarten, Württemberg (d. 1672)
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