- Jan 3 William Tucker, 1st known African American child born in America, born in Jamestown, Virginia [1]
- Jan 9 Empress Meishō (d. 1696)
- Jan 30 Arnold Geulincx, Flemish philosopher (About Virtue), born in Antwerp (d. 1669)
- Mar 21 François Roberday, French Baroque organist and composer, born in Paris, France (d. 1680)
- Apr 24 Jan Peeters (the Elder), Flemish Baroque painter of stormy seascapes, and draughtsman, born in Antwerp, United Provinces of the Netherlands (d. 1677)
- Jun 15 Hiob Ludolf, German orientalist (d. 1704)
- Aug 22 Jean Renaud de Segrais, French writer and poet, born in Caen, France (d. 1701)
- Aug 25 François de la Chaise, French confessor of Louis XIV of France, born in Forez, France (d. 1709)
- Sep 10 Thomas Sydenham, English physician and author of "Observationes Medicae", born in Wynford Eagle, Dorset (d. 1689)
- Oct 30 Paul Pellisson, French writer, born in Béziers, France (d. 1693)
- Dec 22 Tomas Micieres, Spanish composer and chapel master, born in Villaescusa de Ecla, Spain (d. 1662)
- Dec 25 Angelus Silesius [Johann Scheffler], German mystic (St Seelenlust), born in Breslau, the capital of Silesia (d. 1677)
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