- Jan 10 Johann Caspar Simon, German organist and composer, born in Schmalkalden, Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1776)
- Jan 27 Johann Nicholas von Hontheim, German church historian and theologian (febronianism), born in Trier (d. 1790)
- Jan 28 Charles Marie de La Condamine, French mathematician and geographer (d. 1774)
- Feb 14 Enrique Florez, Spanish historian, born in Valladolid, Spain (d. 1773)
- Mar 18 Niclas Sahlgren, Swedish merchant and philanthropist (d. 1776)
- Apr 27 Charles Emanuel III of Savoy, King of Sardinia, born in Turin (d. 1773)
- May 14 William Emerson, English mathematician (d. 1782)
- Jun 4 Nikolaj Eigtved, Danish architect (Christiansborg Castle), born in Egtved, Denmark (d. 1754)
- Jun 13 Angelo Antonio Caroli, Italian composer, born in Bologna, Papal States (d. 1778)
- Aug 4 Thomas Blackwell, Scottish classical scholar, born in Aberdeen, Scotland (d. 1757)
- Oct 15 Marie-Marguerite d'Youville, first native Canadian canonized (founded the Order of Sisters of Charity of Montreal), born in Varennes, Quebec (d. 1771)
- Oct 18 Charles le Beau, French historian (d. 1778)
- Oct 22 Maria Amalia of Austria, Holy Roman Empire Empress as the spouse of Emperor Charles VII, born in Hofburg Palace, Vienna, Archduchy of Austria, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1756)
- Nov 5 Pietro Longhi, Venetian painter, born in Venice (d. 1785)
Anders Celsius (1701-1744)
Nov 27 Swedish astronomer (proposed the Celsius temperature scale), born in Uppsala, Sweden
Year of the Rabbit
Year of the Dragon
Year of the Snake
Year of the Horse
Year of the Goat/Sheep
Year of the Monkey