- Jan 3 Richard Gridley, American Revolutionary soldier (d. 1796)
- Jan 4 Giovanni Battista Pergolesi [Draghi], Italian Baroque organist, composer (Il Prigioniero Superbo; La serva padrona (The Maid Turned Mistress); Stabat Mater), born in Jesi, The Papal States (d. 1736)
- Jan 7 Josef Antonin Sehling, Bohemian violinist and composer, born in Toužim, Western Bohemia (d. 1756)
- Jan 30 Vigilio Blasio Faitello, Italian composer, born in Bolzano, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1768)
- Feb 1 Konrad Ernst Ackermann, German actor and theatre director (Die Oberpfalz), born in Schwerin, Germany (d. 1771)
- Feb 15 Louis XV, King of France (1715-74) known as "Louis the Beloved", born in the Palace of Versailles, France (d. 1774)
- Feb 21 Willem van Haren, Dutch poet (Human Life), born in Leeuwarden (d. 1768)
- Mar 6 Giuseppe Antonio Paganelli, Italian composer, born in Padua, Italy (d. c. 1763)
Thomas Arne (1710-1778)
Mar 12 British composer (Rule Britannia, A-Hunting We Will Go), born in London, England
- Mar 27 Joseph Abaco, Italian composer, born in Brussels, Spanish Netherlands (d. 1805)
- Apr 12 Caffarelli [Gaetano Majorano], Italian castrato soprano, born in Bitonto, Kingdom of Naples, Habsburg Empire (d. 1783)
- Apr 15 Marie-Anne de Cupis de Camargo, French dancer, born in Brussels, Spanish Netherlands (d. 1770)
- Apr 15 William Cullen, Scottish physician and chemist, born in Hamilton, Lanarkshire, Scotland (d. 1790)
- Apr 17 Henry Erskine, 10th Earl of Buchan, British Freemason (d. 1767)
- Apr 25 James Ferguson, Scottish astronomer, born in Banffshire, Scotland (d. 1776)
- Apr 26 Thomas Reid, Scottish philosopher and founder of Scottish School of Common Sense, born in Strachan, Scotland (d. 1796)
- Apr 30 Johann Kaspar Basselet von La Rosée, Bavarian general, born in Arlon, Province of Luxembourg, Belgium (d. 1795)
- May 14 Adolf Frederik, King of Sweden (1751-70), born in Gottorp, Schleswig, Duchy of Schleswig (d. 1771)
- May 16 William Talbot, 1st Earl Talbot, English politician (d. 1782)
- May 23 François Gaspard Adam, French sculptor (garden sculptures), born in Nancy, France (d. 1761)
- Jun 10 James Short, Scottish mathematician and manufacturer of telescopes, born in Edinburgh (d. 1768)
- Jul 7 Arvid Niclas von Höpken, Swedish nobleman, soldier, and composer (Il Re Pastore), born in Stockholm, Sweden (d. 1778)
- Jul 21 Paul Möhring, German physician and scientist, born in Jever, Germany (d. 1792)
- Aug 20 Thomas Simpson, English mathematician (rule of Simpson), born in Sutton Cheney, Leicestershire (d. 1761)
- Sep 3 Abraham Trembley, Swiss naturalist (first to study freshwater polyps or hydra), born in Geneva, Switzerland (d. 1784)
- Sep 30 John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford, British statesman (d. 1771)
- Oct 12 Jonathan Trumbull, American politician and statesman, born in Lebanon, Connecticut (d. 1785)
- Oct 16 Andreas Hadik, Austro-Hungarian general (d. 1790)
- Oct 24 Alban Butler, English Catholic priest and writer, born in Northampton, England (d. 1773)
- Nov 8 Sarah Fielding, English writer (The Adventures of David Simple), born in East Stour, England (d. 1768)
- Nov 10 Adam Gottlob Moltke, Danish statesman, born in Walkendorf, Germany (d. 1792)
- Nov 13 Charles Simon Favart, French dramatist, born in Paris (d. 1792)
- Nov 19 Reynier de Klerk, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (1778-80) [baptized], born in Middelburg, Dutch Republic (d. 1780)
- Nov 22 Wilhelm Friedemann Bach, German composer and son of J.S. Bach (Sinfonias 64), born in Weimar, Germany (d. 1784)
- Nov 27 Robert Lowth, British Bishop of the Church of England and grammarian (A Short Introduction to English Grammar), born in Winchester, England (d. 1787)
- Dec 2 Carlo Bertinazzi, Italian actor and writer (commedia dell'arte), born in Turin, Italy (d. 1783)
Year of the Rabbit
Year of the Dragon
Year of the Snake
Year of the Horse
Year of the Goat/Sheep
Year of the Monkey