Chester A. Arthur (1829-1886)
Oct 5 21st President of the United States (1881-85), born in Fairfield Vermont
- Oct 10 Dandridge McRae, American Brigadier General (Confederate Army), born in Baldwin County, Alabama (d. 1899)
- Oct 15 Asaph Hall, American astronomer who discovered satellites of Mars (Phobos & Deimos), born in Goshen, Connecticut (d. 1907)
- Oct 18 Charles S. Winder, American military officer and Confederate Brigadier General (US Army, 1850-61; Confederate Army, 1861-62), born in Easton, Maryland (d. 1862)
- Oct 18 Lucius Marshall Walker, Brigadier General (Confederate Army), (d. 1863)
- Oct 27 Christopher Columbus Andres, American diplomat, newspaperman, author, and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Hillsborough, New Hampshire (d. 1922)
- Oct 30 Roscoe Conkling, American politician (U.S. Senator from New York 1867-81), born in Albany, New York (d. 1888)