- Jan 14 Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry, English lawyer and judge (b. 1578)
- Jan 22 Erasmus Quellinus I, Flemish wood carver, dies at about 55
- Jan 25 Robert Burton, British writer and Anglican clergyman (The Anatomy of Melancholy), dies at 62
- Feb 4 Hendrick Cornelisz Vroom, Dutch seascape painter, dies (b. 1562)
- Feb 8 Murad IV, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1623-40) who conquered Baghdad, dies from cirrhosis in Istanbul at 27
- Mar 8 Guillaume van Messaus, composer, dies at 50
- Mar 17 Philip Massinger, English dramatist, dies (b. 1583)
- Apr 2 Matthias C. Sarbiewski [Sarbievius], Polish Jesuit and poet, dies at 45
- Apr 10 Agostino Agazzari, Italian composer, dies at 61
- Apr 10 Charlotte Flandrina van Nassau, French abbess and daughter of William I of Orange, dies at 60
- May 30 Andre Duchesne, French historian/genealogy, dies
- May 30 Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish Baroque painter, dies at 62
- Jun 3 Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, English politician, dies at 55
- Jul 12 Henry Casimir I, count of Nassau-Dietz, dies
- Jul 13 Henry Casimir I, Dutch count of Nassau-Dietz and Stadholder of Freisland, dies a day after being injured at the Battle of Hulst at 28
- Oct 1 Claudio Achillini, Italian lawyer and poet, dies at 66
- Oct 20 John Ball, English Puritan clergyman and author (A Short Catechisme, containing all the Principal Grounds of Religion), dies at about 55
- Oct 26 Pietro Tacca, Italian sculptor and architect (Aanbidding of the Point), dies at 63
- Nov 25 Giles Farnaby, composer, dies
- Dec 6 Matthijs Elsevier, Flemish/Dutch book publisher/merchant, dies at 75
- Dec 9 Pierre Fourier, Roman Catholic saint and French priest (b.1565)
- Dec 31 John Francis Regis, French priest and Roman Catholic saint, dies of pneumonia at 43
Assassination
Drug Overdose
Gunshot Wound
Murder
Plane Crash
Suicide