Gail Borden (1801-1874)
Jan 11 American manufacturer and inventor of condensed milk, dies at 72
- Jan 14 Johann Philipp Reis, German Physicist and Inventor, dies of lung disease at 40
- Jan 17 Chang & Eng Bunker, Chinese/Thai Siamese twins, die at 62
- Jan 19 August Heinrich Hoffmann, German writer, dies at 75
- Jan 24 Adam Black, Scottish politician and publisher (A & C Black), dies at 89
- Feb 3 Lunalilo, Hawaiian king (1873-74), dies of tuberculosis at 39
- Feb 8 David Strauss, German theologist (focused on historical Jesus' Life), dies at 66
- Feb 9 Countess of Ségur, French writer ("Les Malheurs de Sophie"), dies at 74
- Feb 9 Jules Michelet, French historian (History of France), dies at 75
- Feb 17 Adolphe Quetelet, Belgian astronomer, mathematician and sociologist (body mass index scale), dies at 77
- Feb 18 Louis Wigfall, American politician (Confederate States Senator from Texas 1862-85), dies at 57
- Feb 24 Anselmo Clavé, Spanish politician and composer, dies at 49
- Feb 27 Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, Cuban revolutionary hero, dies at 54
Millard Fillmore (1800-1874)
Mar 8 13th President of the United States (Whig: 1850-53), dies at 74
- Mar 11 Charles Sumner, American politician, Senator Massachusetts (1851-74) and anti-slavery advocate, dies at 63
- Mar 14 Johann Heinrich von Mädler, German astronomer (published the most complete map of the Moon of the time, Mappa Selenographica, 4 vol. with Wilhelm Beer), dies at 79
- Mar 20 Hans Christian Lumbye, Danish waltz composer, and musical director (Tivoli Gardens, 1843-72), dies at 63
- Mar 28 Peter Andreas Hansen, Danish-German astronomer (Hansen hypothesis), dies at 78
- Apr 4 Charles Ernest Beulé, French archaeologist and politician (b. 1826)
- Apr 14 Hermanus J. Abbring, Dutch engineer and writer on Curacao, dies at 86
- Apr 19 Owen Jones, architect, dies
- Apr 20 Alexander H. Bailey, American politician (Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York), dies at 56
- May 1 Vilém Blodek [Plodek], Czech pianist, flautist, and composer, dies at 39
- May 11 Franklin Buchanan, American first superintendent of the U.S. Naval Academy at Annapolis, dies at 73
- May 23 Silvain van de Weyer, 1st Belgian foreign minister to Britain, dies at 72
- Jun 8 Cochise, Chiricahua Apache principal nantan and war leader during the Apache Wars (1861-72), dies of natural causes at 68 or 69
- Jun 21 Anders Jonas Ångström, Swedish physicist (Spectroscopy), dies at 59
- Jun 22 Howard Staunton, English World Chess Champion, designer of chess pieces, dies at 84
- Jul 11 Xavier de Mérode, Belgium minister to the Pope in Rome, dies at 54
- Jul 12 Fritz Reuter, German novelist, dies at 63
- Aug 14 Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, American politician (Secretary of State and Superintendent of Public Instruction of Florida) and Presbyterian minister, dies at 52
- Aug 22 Sydney Thompson Dobell, English poet, dies at 50
- Aug 27 Johan George Schwartze, painter, dies
- Aug 27 John Henry Foley, Irish sculptor (Prince Albert Memorial), dies at 56
- Sep 12 François Guizot, French historian and politician (17th Prime Minister of France), dies at 86
- Sep 15 Benjamin Robbins Curtis, American attorney and Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, dies at 64
- Sep 21 JBAL Leonce Elie the Beaumont, French geologist, dies at 75
- Oct 6 Thomas Tellefsen, Norwegian pianist and composer, dies at 50
- Oct 23 Abraham Geiger, German theologian and leader of Reform Judaism, dies at 64
- Oct 26 Peter Cornelius, German composer and teacher (The Barber of Baghdad), dies of liver issues at 49
- Nov 2 Thomas Anderson, Scottish chemist (discovered pyridine), dies at 55
- Nov 9 Israel Bak, created 1st Hebrew printing press, dies
- Dec 7 Constantin von Tischendorf, German biblical scholar (b. 1815)
- Dec 8 Franz Wilhelm Ferling, German oboist and composer (48 études for oboe), dies at 78
- Dec 9 Ezra Cornell, American businessman and philanthropist (founder of Western Union Telegraph and Cornell University), dies at 67
- Dec 16 Abraham Capadose, Dutch physician and missionary, dies at 79
William B. Cushing (1842-1874)
Dec 17 American naval officer (best known for sinking the CSS Albemarle during a daring nighttime raid on 27 October 1864), dies at 32
- Dec 22 Johann Peter Pixis, German pianist and composer, dies at 86