- May 1 Bishop Bernold flees St Pieterskerk for Utrecht, Netherlands
- Sep 17 Battle of Kapetron: night battle between invading Seljuk Turks and Byzantine-Georgian forces of Constantine IX, Byzantines drive back Turks but unable to stop huge plunder
- Dec 25 Parliament of Worms: Emperor Henry III names his cousin Count Bruno van Egisheim-Dagsburg as Pope Leo IX
Gregory I
Gregory XIII
Julius II
Julius III
Leo X
Pius V