- Aug 2 Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 is passed in America, essentially rendering marijuana and all its by-products illegal
Franco Fires on Madrid
Aug 6 Franco's artillery fires on Madrid
- Aug 6 MLB overturns New York Yankees' 7-6 win over Cleveland Indians because of umpire error
- Aug 6 US and USSR sign trade treaty
- Aug 8 Bonneville Dam on Columbia River begins producing power
- Aug 9 Ranger (US) easily beats Endeavour II (England) in race 4 to wrap up the 17th America's Cup yachting series, 4-0; it's the final competition for 21 years
- Aug 10 5th Venice Film Festival opens
- Aug 13 Second Sino-Japanese War: Japanese forces begin the Battle of Shanghai, a conflict that will last 3 months and involve 1 million troops
- Aug 14 Appalachian Trail is formally completed, traversing 2,000 miles and 14 US States, Georgia to Maine
- Aug 14 China declares war on Japan
- Aug 14 Detroit Tigers score MLB record 36 runs in double header vs St. Louis Browns at Navin Field; win 16-1 & 20-7
- Aug 18 1st FM radio construction permit issued (W1X0J (WGTR) in Boston MA)
- Aug 24 In the Spanish Civil War, the Basque Army surrenders to the Italian Corpo Truppe Volontarie following the Santoña Agreement.
- Aug 24 Republican offensive near Belchite, Spain
- Aug 25 Japanese fleet blockades Chinese coast
- Aug 26 General Franco's Nationalist troops conquer Santander during the Spanish Civil War
- Aug 26 Pumping to build Treasure Island in San Francisco Bay is finished
- Aug 27 Brooklyn Dodger Fred Frankhouse no-hits Cin, 5-0 in 7 2/3 inn game
- Aug 27 George E T Eyston sets world auto speed record at 345.49 MPH
- Aug 28 Toyota Motors becomes an independent company
- Aug 29 MLB Philadelphia A's Bob Johnson is 2nd to get 6 RBIs in an inning (1st)
- Aug 31 Det's rookie Rudy York sets record for HRs of 18 HRs in August
Admirals
Aviators
Gangsters
Generals
Industrialists
Suffragists