- Jan 17 Antonio Scandello, Italian composer (Passion of John), born in Bergamo, Republic of Venice (d. 1580)
- Jan 31 Gioseffo Zarlino, Italian composer and musical theorist, born in Chioggia (d. 1590)
- Mar 29 Carlo Carafa, Italian cardinal, born in Naples, Kingdom of Naples, Spanish Empire (now Italy) (d. 1561)
- Jun 18 Emperor Ōgimachi, 106th Emperor of Japan (d. 1593)
- Jun 29 Rembert Dodoens [Rembert Van Joenckema], Flemish physician and botanist, born in Mechelen, Spanish Netherlands (d. 1585)
- Jul 10 Odet de Coligny, French aristocrat, ex-communicated Catholic Cardinal of Châtillon, Archbishop of Toulouse (1534-1550), Administrator of Beauvais (1535-63) who converted to Calvinism (1561), born in Châtillon-Coligny, France (d. 1571)
- Jul 25 Jacques Peletier (du Mans), French poet and scientist, born in Le Mans, France (d. 1582)
- Aug 20 Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle, Spanish cardinal and viceroy of Naples (1571-75), born in Besançon, France (d. 1586)
- Oct 18 Manoel da Nóbrega, Portuguese Jesuit in Brazil (d. 1570)
20-29
30-39
40-49
50-59
80-89
Over 90