- Jan 17 John Stanley, English blind composer and organist, born in London, England (d. 1786)
- Jan 24 Georg Friedrich Schmidt, German engraver and etcher (court artist for King Frederick of Prussia and Empress Elizabeth of Russia), born in Wandlitz (d. 1775)
- Jan 28 Tokugawa Ieshige, Japanese shogun (d. 1761)
- Feb 28 Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, French military commander who led French forces in North America during the Seven Years' War, born in Candiac, France (d. 1759) [1]
- Mar 8 John Fothergill, English physician, born in Wensleydale, England (d. 1780)
- Mar 13 Isfrid Kayser, German composer, born in Türkheim an der Wertach, Electorate of Bavaria, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1771)
- Mar 22 Edward Moore, English dramatist (The Gamester) (d. 1757)
- Mar 27 Claude Bourgelat, French veterinary surgeon, born in Lyon, France (d. 1779)
- May 13 Johann Hartwig Ernst, Count von Bernstorff, Danish statesman (d. 1772)
- Jun 21 Luc Urbain de Bouëxic, comte de Guichen, French admiral, born in Fougères, Ille-et-Vilaine, France (d. 1790)
- Jun 28 Jean-Jacques Rousseau, French philosopher, political theorist, and writer (Confessions) whose works inspired French Revolution leaders and Romantic academics, born in Geneva, Switzerland (d. 1778)
- Aug 12 Jonas Hanway, English merchant, traveler, philanthropist and noted opponent of drinking tea, born in Portsmouth, England (d. 1786)
- Aug 24 Cornelis Douwes, Dutch mathematician and astronomer, born in Terschelling, Netherlands (d. 1773)
- Sep 1 Simon Fokke, Dutch book illustrator, engraver and etcher, born in Amsterdam (d. 1784)
- Sep 23 Ferdinand VI, the wise, King of Spain (1746-59), born in Madrid, Spain (d. 1759)
- Oct 5 Francesco Guardi, Italian painter, born in Venice (d. 1793)
- Oct 12 William Shippen, American physician and delegate to the Continental Congress, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1801)
George Grenville (1712-1770)
Oct 14 British Prime Minister (1763-65) who introduced the Stamp Act (1st international tax to the colonies in America), born in Wotton Underwood, Buckinghamshire, England
- Oct 18 Jeremias van Riemsdijk, Dutch administrator (Governor-General of Dutch East Indies 1775-77), born in Utrecht, Dutch Republic (d. 1777)
- Oct 21 Sir James Steuart, British economist (d. 1780)
- Oct 30 Christian Wilhelm Ernst Dietrich, German painter, born in Weimar, Thuringia, Germany (d. 1774)
- Nov 24 Willem Bachiene, Dutch theologist, geographer and astronomer (Ecclesiastical) (d. 1783)
- Nov 25 Charles-Michel de l'Épée, French philanthropist and developer of 'Signed French', born in Versailles, France (d. 1789)
- Dec 1 Bernhard Christian Weber, German composer, born in Wolferschwenda (d. 1758)
- Dec 11 Francesco Algarotti, Italian art collector and encyclopedist (Viaggio in Russia), born in Venice (d. 1764)
- Dec 12 Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine, Imperial Army field marshal, born in Lunéville, Duchy of Lorraine (d. 1780)
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