- Jan 15 Battle at Boxum: Spanish troops under Tassis beat state army
- Feb 4 Robert Dudley, earl of Leicester, becomes governor-general of the States General of the United Provinces (Netherlands)
- Mar 8 Johan van Oldenbarnevelt becomes Dutch chief legal advisor
- Jun 19 English colonists sailed from Roanoke Island, North Carolina
Tobacco Introduced to England
Jul 27 Walter Raleigh brings the 1st tobacco to England from Virginia
Trial of Mary, Queen of Scots
Oct 14 Mary Queen of Scots goes on trial for conspiracy against Elizabeth
Gregory I
Gregory XIII
Julius II
Julius III
Leo X
Pius V