Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems
Feb 22 Galileo Galilei's book "Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems" is published comparing the Copernican and Ptolemaic systems and whether the Earth orbits the sun
Wallenstein Supreme Commander
Apr 16 Albrecht von Wallenstein appointed supreme military commander of the Holy Roman Empire
- May 25 Albrecht von Wallenstein's Catholic League army recaptures Prague
Conquest of Venlo
Jun 4 Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange conquers Venlo
- Jun 5 Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange conquers Roermond
- Jun 8 Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, conquers Sittard in the Netherlands
- Jun 20 Britain grants 2nd Lord Baltimore rights to Chesapeake Bay area
- Jul 23 Three hundred colonists bound for New France depart from Dieppe, France
- Aug 22 Prince Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange occupies Maastricht
- Aug 28 Henry Casimir I appointed viceroy of Drenthe
Battle at Castelnaudary
Sep 1 Battle at Castelnaudary: Henri de Montmorency's rebel army loses to French royalist forces loyal to Louis XIII
- Sep 3 Battle of Nuremberg: Duke Wallenstein beats Sweden
- Oct 5 Henry Casimir I appointed viceroy of Groningen
- Nov 16 Battle of Lützen: Significant battle of Thirty Years' War - Swedish and Saxon forces defeat the Holy Roman Empire, at cost of the death of Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus
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