- 0787-08-10 Albumasar [Ahmad Aboe M Gafar al-Balkhi], Arabic astronomer, born in Balkh, Khurasan (now Afghanistan) (d. 886)
- 1006-05-04 Khwaja Abdullah Ansari, The Persian Sufi, born in Herat, Khorasan (now Afghanistan) (d. 1088)
- 1207-09-30 Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi, Persian mystic and poet, born in Khorassan, Afghanistan (d. 1273)
- 1414-11-07 Jami [Mowlanā Nūr Od-dīn ʿabd Or-raḥmān Ebn Aḥmad], Persian poet (Lava’iḥ), born in Minaret of Jam, Afghanistan (d. 1492)
- 1872-07-03 Habibullah Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (1901-19), born in Samarkand, Uzbekistan (d. 1919)
- 1880-04-10 Mohammed Nadir Shah, King of Afghanistan (1929-33), born in Dehra Dun, British India (d. 1933)
- 1892-06-01 Amanullah Khan, Emir and King of Afghanistan (1919-28), born in Paghman, Afghanistan (d. 1960)
- 1909-07-18 Mohammed Daoud Khan, 1st President of Afghanistan (1973-78) and Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1953-63), born in Kabul, Afghanistan (d. 1978)
- 1914-10-15 Mohammed Zahir Shah, last king of Afghanistan (1933-73), born in Kabul, Afghanistan (d. 2007)
- 1929-01-06 Babrak Karmal, Afghani politician installed as President after Soviet invasion, born in Afghanistan (d. 1996)
- 1934-12-11 Salim Durani, Indian cricket all-rounder (29 Tests, 1 x 100, 74 wickets, BB 6/73; Saurashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan), born in Kabul, Afghanistan (d. 2023)
- 1949-05-19 Ashraf Ghani, Afghan economist and President of Afghanistan (2014-21), born in Logar, Afghanistan
- 1950-04-23 Steve McCurry, American photographer (Afghan Girl), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- 1950-12-02 Amin Saikal, Afghan-Australian academic (politics, history, political economy and international relations of the Middle East and Central Asia), born in Kabul, Afghanistan
- 1952-10-02 Wahed Wafa, Tajik pop and classical singer, born in Afghanistan
- 1953-09-02 Ahmad Shah Massoud, Afghan political and military leader who fought the Soviet Union and led the Northern Alliance against the Taliban, born in Bazarak, Panjshir, Afghanistan (d. 2001)
- 1957-12-24 Hamid Karzai, President of Afghanistan (2001-14), born in Kandahar, Afghanistan
- 1959-01-01 Abdul Ahad Mohmand, Afghan-German cosmonaut (first Afghan in space - Soyuz TM-6), born in Sardeh Band, Afghanistan
- 1965-03-04 Khaled Hosseini, Afghan author (The Kite Runner) and physician, born in Kabul, Afghanistan
- 1973-11-12 Zahir Shah, Afghan cricketer (attention-grabbing Rawalpindi leg-spinner), born in Kunar Province, Afghanistan
- 1986-05-29 Valy Hedjasi, Afghan pop singer, born in Maschhad, Iran
- 1998-09-20 Rashid Khan, Afghan cricket spin bowler and captain (5 Tests, 34 wickets, BB 7/137; Sunrisers Hyderabad, Adelaide Strikers), born in Nangarhar, Afghanistan
Afghan History Timeline
