Guy Fawkes (1570-1606)
Jan 31 English Catholic conspirator convicted in the "Gunpowder Plot" to blow up the British Parliament, hanged at 35
- Mar 2 St. Nicholas Owen (martyr), one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales, executed at about 43 [birthdate uncertain]
- Mar 23 Justus Lipsius [Joost Lips], Flemish humanist and classical scholar (founding father of Neostoicism), dies at 58
- Apr 3 Charles Blount, 1st Earl of Devon, English politician (b. 1563)
- May 3 Henry Garnet, English Jesuit (executed) (b. 1555)
- May 17 Forges Dimitri #1, Tsar of Russia (1605-06), murdered
- Sep 2 Carel van Mander, Flemish painter/art historian, dies at 58
- Oct 5 Philippe Desportes, French poet (b. 1546)
- Oct 8 John VI the Elder, Count of Nassau, father of 24, dies at 69
- Nov 12 Matthäus Ludecus, German composer, dies at 79
- Nov 13 Geronimo Mercuriali, Italian philologist and physician (b. 1530)