- Jan 2 Edward Burnett Tylor, English anthropologist (Primitive Culture), dies at 84
- Jan 6 Hendrick Peter Godfried Quack, Dutch lawyer, economist (Bank of the Netherlands) and historian, dies at 82
- Jan 10 William "Buffalo Bill" Cody, American Wild West hunter and showman (Buffalo Bill's Wild West), dies at 70
George Dewey (1837-1917)
Jan 16 U.S. Admiral of the Navy, won Battle of Manila Bay, dies at 79
- Jan 25 Ted Tyler, English cricket spin bowler (1 Test, 4 wickets; Somerset CCC), dies at 52
- Jan 29 Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer, British diplomat (Consul-General in Egypt, 1883-1907), and writer, dies at 75
- Feb 5 Jaber II Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (b. 1860)
- Feb 5 Paul Rubens, English musical comedy composer, (Miss Hook of Holland), dies at 41
- Feb 6 Édouard Drumont, French anti-semite journalist, dies at 72
- Feb 9 Francis Allan, Australian cricket bowler (lefty in 1879 Aust-Eng Test), dies at 67
- Feb 10 Émile Pessard, French pianist, concert and comic opera composer, and teacher (Maurice Ravel, Jacques Ibert), dies at 73
- Feb 10 John William Waterhouse, British painter, dies of cancer at 67
- Feb 11 Oswaldo Cruz, Brazilian physician (b. 1872)
- Feb 15 Charles A van Ophuysen, Dutch orientalist, dies at 60
- Feb 16 Octave Mirbeau, French writer (Journal of a Lady's Maid), dies at 67
- Feb 17 Edmund Bishop, English Roman Catholic historian and Secretary of Thomas Carlyle, dies at 70
- Feb 18 Charles E Barber, US chief engraver (1879-1917), dies
- Feb 20 Leone Sextus Tollemache, British Army captain who was incorrectly alleged to have the longest English surname on record (Leone Sextus Denys Oswolf Fraudatifilius Tollemache-Tollemache de Orellana Plantagenet Tollemache-Tollemache), dies in active service in WWI at 32
- Mar 6 Jules Vandenpeereboom, Belgian politician (Prime Minister of Belgium 1899), dies at 73
Ferdinand von Zeppelin (1838-1917)
Mar 8 German general and inventor (rigid dirigibles) who founded the Zeppelin airship company, dies at 78 [1]
Scott Joplin (1868-1917)
Apr 1 American ragtime composer (The Entertainer, Maple Leaf Rag), dies at 48
- Apr 2 Bryn Lewis, Welsh rugby union winger (2 caps; Newport, Cambridge University), dies on active duty in WWI at 26
- Apr 3 Arthur Graeme West, British writer and war poet (The Diary of a Dead Officer), killed by a sniper at about 25
- Apr 7 Spyridon Samaras, Greek composer (Olympic Hymn), dies at 53
- Apr 9 Edward Thomas, poet, killed in WW I
- Apr 9 James Hope Moulton, British scholar of Classical Greek (b. 1863)
- Apr 14 L. L. Zamenhof, Polish physician and linguist (Esperanto), dies at 57
- Apr 18 Moritz von Bissing, Prussian general, dies at 73
- Apr 18 Vladimir Serbsky, Russian psychiatrist, professor, and writer (The Forensic Psychopathology), dies of renal failure at 59
- Apr 24 Oskar Blumenthal, German playwright and critic, dies at 65
- May 1 Jose E Rodo, Uruguayan writer (Motivos de proteo), dies
- May 3 Norman Callaway, Australian cricket batsman (207 in only FC innings), dies on WWI battlefield at 21
- May 11 Otto Klauwell, German composer, dies at 66
Charles Brooke (1829-1917)
May 17 2nd White Rajah of Sarawak (1868-1917), dies at 87
- May 19 Belva Ann Lockwood, American attorney (1st woman to argue before the US Supreme Court, 1879), dies at 86
- May 20 Philipp von Ferrary, Italian philatelist (compiled world's most complete stamp collection), dies at 67
- May 20 Valentine Fleming, Scottish politician (b. 1887)
- May 23 Ranavalona III, Queen of Madagascar (1883-1897) last sovereign of Madagascar, dies in exile in Algeria at 55
- May 25 Léon Vasseur, French composer, dies at 72
- May 25 Maksim Bahdanovič, Belarusian poet, dies at 25
- Jun 6 Iacob Mureșianu, Romanian composer, dies at 59
- Jun 12 Teresa Carreño, Venezuelan classical pianist, soprano, composer, and conductor, dies at 63
- Jun 15 Kristian Birkeland, Norwegian explorer and physicist (nominated 7 times for Nobel Prize), dies at 49
- Jun 18 Eufemio Zapata, Mexican revolutionary and brother of Emiliano Zapata, killed at 44 by Sidronio Comancho after Zapata became drunk and beat and insulted his father
- Jun 20 António Feijó, Portuguese poet and diplomat, dies at 58
- Jun 20 James Mason Crafts, American chemist (Friedel-Crafts alkylation synthesis), dies at 78
- Jun 27 Gustav von Schmoller, German economist (Lectern Socialism), dies at 79
- Jun 27 Karl Allmenröder, German World War I flying Ace, dies at 21
- Jun 29 Frans Schollaert, Belgian Catholic Party politician and 19th Prime Minister of Belgium (1908-11), dies at 65
- Jul 2 Herbert Beerbohm Tree, British actor and theatre manager (King John, Trilby), dies at 64
- Jul 4 Johan Hendrik Kern, Dutch linguist (Sanskreet), dies at 84
- Jul 8 Tom Thomson, Canadian painter, drowns in unexplained circumstances at 39
- Jul 12 François Fournier, Swiss-French postage stamp forger, dies at 71
- Jul 14 Octave Lapize, French cyclist (Tour de France 1910), dies when shot down as WWI fighter pilot at 29
- Jul 16 (Ludwig) Philipp Scharwenka, German pianist, composer (Sakuntala; Album polonaise), and educator, dies at 70
- Jul 21 Christopher J. Forster, British RAF pilot and officer, dies in battle at 22
- Jul 27 Emil Theodor Kocher, Swiss surgeon, Thyroid specialist (Nobel 1909), dies at 75
- Jul 31 Charlie Finlason, cricketer (South Africa's 1st Test), dies
- Jul 31 Francis Ledwidge, Irish poet (b. 1881)
- Jul 31 Hedd Wyn, Welsh poet (b. 1887)
- Aug 1 Frank Little, American labor organizer (lynched) (b. 1879)
- Aug 3 Ferdinand Georg Frobenius, German mathematician (Frobenius–Stickelberger formulae), dies at 67
- Aug 7 Squadron Commander E.H. Dunning, first pilot to land his aircraft on a moving ship. (b. 1891)
- Aug 15 Thomas J. Higgins, Union Army soldier during the American Civil War, recipient of America's highest military decoration (Medal of Honor), dies at 86
- Aug 20 JFW Adolf Ritter von Baeyer, German chemist (Nobel 1905), dies
- Aug 22 Matthijs Maris [Thijs], Dutch painter and etcher influenced by Pre-Raphaelites, dies at 78
- Aug 30 Moisei Uritsky, Russian Bolshevik revolutionary (leader of Petrogradse Cheka), assassinated at 45
- Sep 5 Arthur Verhaegen, Belgian architect and worker's union leader, dies at 70
- Sep 5 Marian Smoluchowski, Polish physicist (pioneer of statistical physics), dies at 45
- Sep 8 Charles-Édouard Lefebvre, French composer, dies at 74
- Sep 11 Georges Guynemer, French WWI fighter pilot and national hero, shot down and killed at 22
- Sep 12 Eric Lundie, South African cricketer (WWI Test South Africa v England 1914), dies at the Battle of Passchendaele at 29
- Sep 20 Herbert Morris, Jamaican deserter in France, executed at 17
- Sep 23 Werner Voss, German World War I flying ace, dies at 20
- Sep 25 Thomas Ashe, Irish revolutionary who fought in the Easter Rising, dies after being badly treated during a hunger strike in prison at 32
Edgar Degas (1834-1917)
Sep 27 French impressionist painter, sculptor and artist (The Bellelli Family), dies at 83
Mata Hari (1876-1917)
Oct 15 Dutch exotic dancer, courtesan and convicted German WWI spy, executed by firing squad at 41
Bob Fitzsimmons (1863-1917)
Oct 22 English boxer (first 3-division world champion; Middleweight 1981-96, Light Heavyweight 1903, Heavyweight 1897-99), dies from pneumonia at 54
- Oct 27 Arthur Rhys-Davids, English flying ace (WW I), dies at 20
- Oct 28 Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (b. 1831)
- Oct 31 Tibby Cotter, Australian cricket fast bowler and soldier (21 Tests, 49 wickets), dies in world's last successful cavalry charge, 4th Light Horse Brigade at Beersheba at 33
- Nov 3 Léon Bloy, French novelist and essayist, dies at 71
- Nov 4 Chocolat [Rafael Padilla], Afro-Cuban clown, dies at 52
- Nov 8 Colyn Blythe, English cricketer (2509 F-C wickets), dies at 38 fighting during WW I
- Nov 10 Harry Trott, Australian cricket all-rounder (24 Tests, 1 x 100, 4 x 50, HS 143, 29 wickets; Victoria CA), dies for cancer at 51
- Nov 11 Liliuokalani [Lydia Kamakaʻeha], last queen of Hawaii (1891-93), dies from a stroke at 79
Émile Durkheim (1858-1917)
Nov 13 French sociologist (De la division du travail social / The Division of Labour in Society), dies of a stroke at 59
- Nov 17 Charles Holroyd, English artist and curator, Director of the National Gallery (1906-16), dies at 56
- Nov 18 Henry Spiekman, Dutch journalist and politician (co-founder Social Democratic Workers' Party), dies of leukemia at 43
- Nov 19 Basil Grieve, English cricket batsman (2 Tests), dies at 53
- Nov 20 Alfredo Napoleão dos Santos, Portuguese pianist, and composer, dies at 65
- Nov 22 Teoberto Maler, German-born explorer (b. 1842)
- Nov 26 Leander Starr Jameson, British colonial politician (led Jameson raid in attempt to overthrow Boer Transvaal government, Prime Minister of Cape Colony 1904-08), dies at 64
- Dec 7 [Aloysius] Ludwig Minkus, Austrian violinist, and ballet composer (St. Petersburg Imperial Theatres, 1871-86; La Bayadère), dies at 91
- Dec 8 Arthur Matthew Weld Downing, British mathematician and astronomer, dies at 67
- Dec 8 Mendele Moykher Sforim [Sholem Abramovich], Lithuanian-Jewish writer (Dos Vinshfingeril (The Wishing Ring)), dies at 81
Mackenzie Bowell (1823-1917)
Dec 10 5th Prime Minister of Canada (1894-96), dies of pneumonia at 93
- Dec 17 Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, 1st qualified woman physician in Britain, first woman mayor (Aldeburgh), dies at 81
- Dec 17 Frank Gotch, American professional wrestler, dies at 40
- Dec 20 Lucien Petit-Breton, French road cyclist (Tour de France 1907-8), dies in a road accident at 35
- Dec 22 Frances Xavier Cabrini, Italian-American saint (1st American saint, founded Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart), dies at 67
- Dec 26 Judith Gautier, French poetess, novelist (Le Dragon Impérial) and daughter of Theophile Gautier, dies at 71
- Dec 28 Alfred Edwin McKay, Canadian Royal Flying Corps WWI flying ace, shot down and killed over Belgium at 25
Assassination
Car Crash
Hanging
Killed in Action
Plane Crash
Poisoning