- Jan 5 Great fire in Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Jan 12 Bayinnaung crowned King of Burma, assembles the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia
- Jan 25 City of São Paulo founded in Brazil
- Jan 25 Sir Thomas Wyatt gathers an army in Kent, rebels against Queen Mary
- Feb 9 Battle at London: Sir Thomas Wyatt defeated and his rebellion against Queen Mary crushed
Pope Julius III
Nov 30 England reconciles with Pope Julius III
Gregory I
Gregory XIII
Julius II
Julius III
Leo X
Pius V