Ivan IV the Terrible
Jan 16 Ivan the Terrible, aged 17, crowns himself the 1st tsar of Moscow
- Jan 19 Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, is executed in the Tower of London for treason
Edward VI
Jan 28 9-year-old Edward VI succeeds Henry VIII as King of England
Peace of Adrianople
Jun 13 Peace of Adrianople (Treaty of Edirne) King Ferdinand of Austria agrees to pay Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent 30,000 gold Forints for western Hungary
- Jun 21 Great fire in Moscow, a third of the largely wooden city destroyed and 2-3,000 killed
The Protestant Reformation
Jun 23 Champion of the Protestant Reformation, Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse is captured and taken to south Germany
Demand Child Rulers Marry
Sep 10 English demand Edward VI (10) wed Mary Queen of Scots (5)