- Jan 14 Battle at Elvas: Portuguese beat Spanish
Oedipe
Jan 24 Pierre Corneille's play "Oedipe" premieres in Paris
Richard Cromwell Disbands Parliament
Apr 22 Lord Protector Richard Cromwell disbands English parliament
- May 22 France, England & Netherlands sign "Hedges Concerto" treaty
- May 25 Richard Cromwell resigns as Lord Protector of England, earning the nickname "Tumbledown Dick" as a result of his abrupt fall from power
- May 31 Netherlands, England and France sign Treaty of The Hague
- Jun 29 The Russians, led by Prince Trubetskoy are defeated by the Ukrainian armies of Ivan Vyhovsky in the Battle of Konotop
- Sep 30 Peter Stuyvesant of New Netherlands forbids tennis playing during religious services (1st mention of tennis in US)
- Sep 30 Robinson Crusoe is shipwrecked (according to Daniel Defoe's famous novel)
- Oct 12 English "Rump" Parliament dismisses John Lambert and other Parliamentary generals
- Oct 13 Major general John Lambert drives out English Rump government
- Nov 17 Peace of the Pyrenees is signed between France and Spain
- Nov 25 Michiel de Ruyter conquers Danish city Nyborg
- Dec 8 Mexican border town Ciudad Juárez is founded by Fray García de San Francisco.
- Dec 16 General George Monck demands free parliamentary election in Scotland
- Dec 26 Long Parliament reforms in Westminster
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