Historical Events on April 1

Events 1 - 200 of 259

• 374 Comet 1P/374 E1 (Halley) approaches within 0.0884 AUs of Earth

• 705 Greek pope John VII chosen as successor to John VI
• 792 Maya city of Piedras Negras celebrates military triumph over nearby settlement of Pomona (as depicted in Stela 12 Piedras Negras) [1]
• 1064 Body of bishop Eleutherius of Blandain moved to Doornik
• 1318 Berwick-upon-Tweed is captured by the Scottish from the English.
• 1340 Niels Ebbesen kills Gerhard III of Holstein in his bedroom, ending the 1332-1340 interregnum in Denmark.
• 1504 English guilds/corp goes under state control

• 1572 Watergeuzen capture Brielle from the Spaniards, during the Eighty Years' War, gaining the first foothold on land for what would become the Dutch Republic.
• 1663 Gemert fines unwed motherhood (50 guilder penalty)
• 1693 Cotton Mather's four-day-old son dies, and witchcraft is blamed

• 1776 Friedrich von Klinger's "Sturm und Drang" premieres in Leipzig
• 1778 New Orleans businessman Oliver Pollock creates the "$" symbol
• 1792 Gronings feminist Etta Palm demands women's right to divorce
• 1803 French law rules the use of intention
• 1822 Italian composer Luigi Cherubini becomes director of the Conservatoire de Paris music college, holds position for nearly 20 years

• 1850 San Francisco County government established
• 1853 Cincinnati becomes 1st US city to employ fulltime professional firefighters

• 1862 Shenandoah Valley campaign, Jackson's Battle of Woodstock, Virginia
• 1863 1st wartime conscription law in US goes into effect
• 1865 -9] Battle at Blakely Alabama

• 1866 US Congress rejects presidential veto giving all equal rights in US
• 1867 Blacks vote in municipal election in Tuscumbia, Alabama
• 1867 International Exhibition opens in Paris
• 1867 Singapore, Penang & Malacca become British crown colonies
• 1868 Hampton Institute opens
• 1871 New Constitution adopted by the German Empire
• 1872 1st edition of The Standard
• 1873 British White Star steamship Atlantic sinks off Nova Scotia, 547 die
• 1873 Mehmed Kemals play "Vatan" premeres in Constantinople
• 1881 Anti-Jewish riots in Jerusalem
• 1881 Kingdom post office in Netherlands opens
• 1888 Students from Rotterdam, Netherlands establish a cricket club called Rotterdamsche Cricket & Football Club Sparta which evolves into Sparta Rotterdam
• 1889 1st dishwashing machine marketed (Chicago)

• 1891 London-Paris telephone connection opens
• 1891 The Wrigley Company is founded in Chicago, Illinois.
• 1899 NC Mutual opens doors for business
• 1900 1st edition of Dutch newspaper "The People"
• 1905 "SOS" first adopted as a morse distress signal (· · · – – – · · ·) by German government
• 1905 British East African Protectorate becomes colony of Kenya
• 1910 Dumitru Dan (Romania) completes a 62,137 mile (100,000 m) walk

• 1918 United Kingdom: the Royal Air Force is created from the Royal Naval Air Service and the Royal Flying Corps.
• 1919 Stanley Cup Final, Seattle Ice Arena, Seattle, WA: With Montreal Canadiens (NHL) & Seattle Metropolitans (PCHA) tied at 2-2-1, trophy not awarded due to worldwide flu epidemic
• 1919 The influential Bauhaus School opens in Weimar, Germany, headed by architect Walter Gropius teaching painting, sculpture, architecture, and design [1]
• 1920 Stanley Cup Final, Mutual Street Arena, Toronto, ON: Jack Darragh scores a hat-trick as Ottawa Senators (NHL) beat Seattle Metropolitans (PCHA), 6-1 for a 3-2 series win
• 1920 The (Anglican) Church in Wales disestablished

• 1924 Crown takes over Northern Rhodesia from British South Africa Co
• 1924 Imperial Airways forms in Britain
• 1924 The Royal Canadian Air Force is formed.
• 1925 1st transmission of Danish state radio
• 1925 Hebrew University, Jerusalem dedicated [see May 9, 1925]
• 1926 Montreal Maroons' Clint Benedict becomes first NHL goalie to record 3 straight playoff shutouts, in a 3-0 win against the visiting Victoria Cougars in Game 2 of the Stanley Cup Championship series
• 1927 1st automatic record changer introduced by His Master's Voice
• 1928 Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalist army crosses the Yangtze River
• 1929 Austrian government of Ignaz Seipel falls
• 1929 Doorne's trailer factory in Eindhoven Netherlands opens
• 1929 Louie Marx introduces Yo-Yo
• 1929 Luis Buñuel releases "Un Chien Andalou" 24-minute film
• 1929 Morehouse College, Spellman College & Atlanta University affiliate

• 1930 Chicago Cubs catcher Leo Hartnett breaks the altitude record for a catch by gloving a baseball dropped from the Goodyear blimp 800 feet over Los Angeles, California
• 1931 Earthquake devastate Managua Nicaragua, kills 2,000
• 1931 Jackie Mitchell becomes the second female (after Lizzie Arlington 1898) in organised baseball when she signs with the Chattanooga Lookouts Baseball Club
• 1933 England cricket batsman Wally Hammond smashes 34 fours, 10 sixes in a Test record unbeaten 336 in the drawn 2nd Test against New Zealand in Auckland

• 1933 Nazi Germany begins persecution of Jews by boycotting Jewish businesses

• 1935 1st radio tube made of metal announced, Schenectady, NY

• 1936 Orissa constituted a province of British India
• 1937 Aden becomes a British crown colony
• 1938 Nescafé introduces their flagship brand in Switzerland

• 1941 Nazis forbid Jewish access to cafés
• 1941 Pro-German Rashid Ali al-Ghailani grabs power in Iraq
• 1941 The Blockade Runner Badge for German Kriegsmarine is instituted.
• 1941 US Navy takes over Treasure Island in San Francisco Bay
• 1942 Allied air raid on Japanese occupied harbor city Kupang, Timor, Indonesia
• 1942 Mexico changes from 3 time zones to 2
• 1943 Jan Dieters, Dutch politician, resistance fighter, and a leading member of Communist Party of the Netherlands, is arrested by the Nazis
• 1944 Japanese troops conquer Jessami, Eastern India

• 1945 World War II: Canadian troops free the Dutch cities of Doetinchem, Enschede, Borculo and Eibergen
• 1945 World War II: The Ruhr Pocket of German forces are encircled by the US Ninth Army and US First Army, eventually leading to the capture of 317,000 German troops
• 1946 400,000 US mine workers strike
• 1946 The Malayan Union is formed as a federation of the Malay states and the Straits Settlements of Penang and Malacca
• 1946 Tsunamis generated by a quake in Aleutian Trench strike Hilo, Hawaii
• 1946 Van Acker forms Belgian government (without CVP)

• 1947 1st Jewish immigrants to Israel disembark at Port of Eilat
• 1948 "Big Bang" theory proposed in scientific journal "Physical Review" by American cosmologists Ralph Alpher, Hans Bethe, and George Gamow
• 1948 Faroe Islands receive autonomy from Denmark
• 1948 Fast bowler Hines Johnson has match figures of 10-96 on debut in West Indies 4th cricket Test win v England in Kingston, Jamaica; first fast bowler to take 10 wickets in a single Test for West Indies
• 1952 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
• 1953 J van Bale appointed governor of New Guinea
• 1953 KXMC TV channel 13 in Minot, ND (CBS/ABC) begins broadcasting

• 1954 1st Dutch motorway, Amsterdam-Utrecht, opens
• 1954 1st US Army helicopter battalion forms, Fort Bragg, North Carolina

• 1954 Earthquake/tsunami ravage Aleutians, 200 killed
• 1954 US Air Force Academy established
• 1954 WQED TV channel 13 in Pittsburgh, PA (PBS) begins broadcasting
• 1955 Armed military action taken against bureaucratic strike in Amsterdam
• 1955 EOKA-bomb attacks against British government buildings in Cyprus
• 1955 WTVT TV channel 13 in Tampa-St Petersburg, FL (CBS) 1st broadcast
• 1956 10th Tony Awards: "The Diary of Anne Frank" (play) & "Damn Yankees" (musical) win
• 1956 KPIC TV channel 4 in Roseburg, OR (CBS) begins broadcasting
• 1956 Violent clashes in Algeria, kills at least 380
• 1957 Trial begins in Budapest against participants of the Hungarian Uprising of October 1956
• 1957 World's biggest glass oven used
• 1957 WYES-TV channel 12 in New Orleans, Louisiana (PBS) begins broadcasting
• 1958 KVIQ TV channel 6 in Eureka, CA (NBC/ABC/CBS) begins broadcasting
• 1958 Marshal Nikolai Bulganin appointed Chairman of the Board of the State Bank of the USSR
• 1960 1st weather satellite launched (TIROS 1)
• 1960 2nd French atom bomb explodes (Sahara)
• 1960 Census determines the resident population of the United States to be 179,245,000
• 1960 France performs nuclear test at Reggane Proving Grounds, Algeria

• 1963 American television soap opera premieres: "General Hospital" (ABC) & "Doctors" (NBC)

• 1963 NYC's newspapers resume publishing after a 114 day strike
• 1964 10°F lowest temperature ever recorded in Cleveland in April

• 1964 Military coup in Brazil by General Castello Branco ousts President João Goulart
• 1964 Robert Lowell's "Benito Cereno" premieres in NYC
• 1965 South Africa worker's union leader Henry Fazzie sentenced to 10 years
• 1965 Syncom 3, 1st geosynchronous communications satellite, passes from civilian to military control
• 1966 "Hold On, I'm Comin'" single released by Sam & Dave
• 1966 1st world festival of black art (Dakar Senegal)

• 1967 1st British ombudsman Sir Edward Compton begins work
• 1967 The United States Department of Transportation begins operation.
• 1968 KEMO (now KOFY) TV channel 20 in San Francisco, California (IND) 1st broadcast
• 1969 Royal Canadian Mint formally forms as a Crown Corporation
• 1969 Seattle Pilots trade little-known minor league outfielder Lou Piniella to KC Royals for 2 prospects; hits .282 with 11 HRs & 68 RBI to win AL Rookie of the Year; becomes leading MLB manager
• 1969 The Hawker Siddeley Harrier (vertical take-off fighter) enters service with the RAF.
• 1970 Federal Bankruptcy Referee Sidney Volinn declares MLB's Seattle Pilots bankrupt; car dealer Bud Selig buys franchise for $10.8 million and moves club to Milwaukee (Brewers)
• 1970 John Lennon and Yoko Ono release hoax they are having dual sex change operations
• 1970 Serious riots continue in the Ballymurphy estate in Belfast between Catholic residents and the British Army

• 1971 United Kingdom lifts all restrictions on gold ownership
• 1971 US/Canada ISIS 2 launched to study ionosphere
• 1972 30,000 attend Mar Y Sol rock concert, Vega Baja, Puerto Rico
• 1972 MLB players stage first ever collective strike; play resumes (13/4/72) when owners and players agree to $500,000 increase in pension fund payments

• 1973 Japan allows its citizens to own gold
• 1973 John Lennon and Yoko Ono form a new country with no laws or boundaries, called Nutopia, its national anthem is silence
• 1973 OPEC increases price of petroleum by 5.7 percent

• 1974 In England, "Local Government Act 1972" redraws the administrative map and creates six new Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties; Newport and Monmouthshire transferred from England to Wales
• 1974 Pioneer Hall opens at Disney’s Fort Wilderness Resort & Campground, Florida
• 1974 Yourdon Inc consulting formed by Edward Yourdon
• 1975 Cambodia President Lon Nol flees for Red Khmer

• 1976 Conrail takes over operations from six bankrupt railroads in the northeastern U.S..
• 1976 Jovian-Plutonian gravitational effect is first reported by the astronomer Patrick Moore.

• 1977 Attempt for Muslim state in Chad fails

• 1978 Philippine College of Commerce becomes the Polytechnic University of the Philippines by presidential decree
• 1979 Iran proclaimed an Islamic Republic following fall of Shah
• 1979 Warner Cable launches Nickelodeon, a basic cable channel featuring programming focused on children and teenagers
• 1980 Failed assassination attempt on Iraqi vice-premier Tariq Aziz
• 1980 France performs nuclear test, underground at the Moruroa Atoll in French Polynesia
• 1980 New York City's Transit Worker Union 100 begins a strike lasting 11 days

• 1981 Daylight saving time is introduced in the USSR.

• 1982 Anguilla (dependent territory of UK) adopts constitution

• 1982 US formally transfers Canal Zone to Panama
• 1983 Anti-nuclear demonstrators link arms in 14-mile human chain in England
• 1983 Iraq increases missile attacks on Iran
• 1984 14th Easter Seal Telethon raises $24,600,000
• 1984 8 men record longest distance (13 miles) rowed in 24 hours
• 1986 Ranji Trophy Men's Cricket, Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi: Delhi beats Haryana by innings & 141; Manoj Prabhakar 113, Kirti Azad 107, Mohinder Amarnath 194, Ajay Sharma 110
• 1986 US submarine Nathaniel Green runs aground in Irish Sea
• 1986 World oil prices dip below $10 a barrel

• 1990 "Ha!" comedy Channel on cable TV begins transmitting
• 1990 It becomes illegal in Salem Oregon to be within 2 feet of nude dancers

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