Events 1 - 200 of 254
- 836 Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples
- 993 Saint Ulrich of Augsburg is canonized.
- 1054 Brightest known supernova SN 1054 (creates the Crab Nebula) 1st reported by Chinese astronomers
- 1120 Jordan II of Capua is anointed as prince after his infant nephew's death
King Christian III
1534 Christian III is elected King of Denmark and Norway in the town of Rye
Battle of Klushino
1610 Battle of Klushino: King Sigismund III's Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth army defeats Russia and Sweden
- 1634 The city of Trois-Rivières is founded in New France, later to become the Canadian province of Quebec
- 1636 City of Providence, Rhode Island form
- 1652 Prince of Condé starts blood bath in Paris
- 1653 English Barebones Parliament goes into session
- 1672 States of Holland declares "Eternal Edict" void
- 1693 Battle at Boussu-lez-Walcourt: French-English vs Dutch army
Battle of Holowczyn
1708 Battle of Holowczyn: Swedish King Charles XII defeats superior Russian force in surprising vctory
Fort Necessity
1754 George Washington gives Fort Necessity to France
- 1774 Orangetown Resolutions adopted in the Province of New York, one of many protests against the British Parliament's Coercive Acts
Liberty Bell
1776 According to popular legend the Liberty Bell rings for the Second Continental Congress
Declaration of Independence
1776 US Congress proclaims the Declaration of Independence and independence from Great Britain
- 1779 French fleet occupies Grenada
PM William Petty
1782 William Petty becomes Prime Minister of Great Britain following the death of Charles Watson-Wentworth
Uniformitarianism
1785 Geologist James Hutton publicly reads an abstract of his theory of uniformitarianism for the first time at the meeting of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Louisiana Purchase
1803 The Louisiana Purchase is announced to the American people by President Thomas Jefferson
Herschel Sees Comet for Last Time
1819 William Herschel makes last telescopic observation of 1819 comet
Jefferson and Adams Die the Same Day
1826 Past presidents Thomas Jefferson and John Adams both die on the 50th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, President John Quincy Adams calls "visible and palpable remarks of Divine Favor"
- 1827 Slavery abolished in New York
- 1828 Construction begins on B & O (Baltimore-Ohio) 1st US passenger RR
- 1829 Cornerstone laid for 2nd US mint at Chestnut and Juniper St, Philadelphia, the "Grecian Temple"
- 1829 The first London bus "omnibus", operated by George Shillibeer, begins service between Marylebone Road and Bank Junction
- 1831 "America (My Country 'Tis of Thee)", with lyric by Samuel Francis Smith, has 1st public performance at Park Street Church in Boston, Massachusetts
- 1836 Wisconsin Territory forms
- 1837 Grand Junction Railway, the world's first long-distance railway, opens between Birmingham and Liverpool
- 1838 Huskar Pit Disaster: 26 children drown trying to escape flooding in the Silkstone Colliery in England. Leads to the 1842 Mines Act, which bans women and children working underground. [1]
- 1838 Iowa Territory is organised from Wisconsin Territory, lasting until 1846
- 1840 The Cunard Line's 700 ton wooden paddle steamer RMS Britannia departs from Liverpool bound for Halifax, Nova Scotia on the first transatlantic crossing with a scheduled end
Thoreau On Walden Pond
1845 American philosopher and naturalist Henry David Thoreau moves into his shack on Walden Pond
- 1845 Texas Congress votes for annexation to US
Leaves of Grass
1855 In Brooklyn, New York, the first edition of Walt Whitman's book of poems, "Leaves of Grass" is published
- 1861 In a special session of 27th Congress Lincoln requests 400,000 troops
- 1861 Skirmish at Harper's Ferry, West Virginia
Alice in Wonderland
1862 Charles Dodgson (Lewis Carroll) creates Alice in Wonderland for Alice Liddell on a family boat trip on the river Isis (Thames) in Oxford
- 1862 R Morgan's: Tomkinsville, KY to Somerset, KY [->JUL 28]
- 1863 Boise, Idaho, founded (now capital of Idaho)
- 1863 Failed Confederate assault on Helena Arkansas (640 casualties)
Withdrawal from Gettsburg
1863 General Lee's army withdraws from Gettysburg
- 1863 Skirmish at Smithburg, Tennessee
- 1863 Vicksburg, Mississippi surrenders to Union forces
- 1865 First edition of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" by Lewis Carroll is published
- 1866 Firecracker thrown in wood starts fire destroying half of Portland, Maine, US
- 1867 The Republican Party of Texas is founded in Houston, with a goal regaining admittance to the union after the US Civil War
- 1868 Battle at Ueno, Japan: last Tokugawa armies defeated
- 1868 Maori leader Te Kooti and 300 of his followers captured the schooner Rifleman in the Chatham Islands and sail for New Zealand; landing at Whareongaonga six days later
- 1873 Aquarium opens in Woodward Gardens, San Francisco
- 1874 Social Democratic Workmen's Party of North America formed
- 1875 White Democrats kill several blacks in terrorist attacks in Vicksburg
- 1876 1st public exhibition of electric light in San Francisco
- 1876 Batholdi visits Bedloe Island, future home of his Statue of Liberty
- 1879 Africaner Union forms by Rev SJ du Toit at Cape colony
- 1879 Battle at Ulundi: Lord Chelmsford beats Zulu King Cetshwayo
Tuskegee Institute
1881 Booker T. Washington establishes Tuskegee Institute (Alabama)
Statue of Liberty
1884 Statue of Liberty presented to US in Paris
- 1886 1st scheduled transcontinental passenger train reaches Port Moody, British Columbia
- 1888 1st organized rodeo competition held, Prescott, Arizona
- 1889 Washington state constitutional convention holds 1st meeting
- 1892 James Keir Hardie chosen 1st socialist in British Lower house
- 1892 Western Samoa changes the International Date Line, so that year there were 367 days in this country, with two occurrences of Monday, July 4
- 1894 Elwood Haynes successfully tests one of 1st US autos at 6 MPH
- 1894 Republic of Hawaii proclaimed, Sanford B Dole as president
- 1895 Katherine Lee Bates publishes "America the Beautiful"
- 1898 French liner "La Bourgogne" collides with bark Cromartyshire, 560 die
- 1898 US flag hoisted over Wake Island (Spanish–American War)
- 1900 Williams Jennings Bryan nominated as Democratic Party presidential candidate, USA
1st Governor-General of the Philippines
1901 Former US Federal judge William Howard Taft is installed as the 1st Governor-General of the Philippines, declares an amnesty for all insurgents who take an oath of allegiance
Civil Government
1902 Civil government is established in the Philippines by a proclamation from US President Theodore Roosevelt, who offers a general amnesty to insurgents
- 1903 Pacific Cable (San Francisco, Hawaii, Guam, Philippines) opens, President Theodore Roosevelt sends a message
- 1906 Great Britain, France, and Italy declare independence of Ethiopia (Abyssinia), but all lay claim to their own 'spheres of influence' in that land
Burns KOs Squires
1907 Canadian world heavyweight boxing champion Tommy Burns KOs Bill Squires of Australia in round 1 in Colma, California, his 6th title defense
Fight of the Century
1910 "Fight of the Century": Jack Johnson beats James J. Jeffries by TKO in 15 in Reno, Nevada to retain his world heavyweight boxing title
- 1910 In a mutual defense agreements, Japan and Russia delineate their spheres of interest in Manchuria
- 1910 The US Congress pass the Mann-Elkins Act, an important piece of railroad reform legislation
- 1911 105°F (41°C) at Vernon, Vermont (state record)
- 1911 106°F (41°C) at Nashua, New Hampshire (state record)
- 1912 Detroit Tiger George Mullen no-hits St Louis Browns, 7-0
- 1912 Jack Johnson beats "Fireman" Jim Flynn by disqualification in 9 in Las Vegas to retain world heavyweight boxing title
Red October
1917 Troops of the Russian Provisional Government open fire on protesters in Petrograd during the 'July Days' of unrest
- 1918 Altar dedicated at full-scale replica of Stonehenge at Maryhill, Washington
The Last Sultan
1918 The last Ottoman Sultan ascends the throne, Sultan Mehmed VI, who rules until the monarchy is abolished in 1922
- 1919 ADGB (Allgemeine Deutsche Gewerkschaftsbund) party forms
Dempsey vs Willard
1919 Jack Dempsey beats champion Jess Willard, retired in 3rd round in Toledo, Ohio for world heavyweight championship
- 1920 The provisional government of Siberia's Maritime Province agrees to hand over parts of the strategic oil- and coal-rich Sakhalin Islands to Japan
- 1923 Jack Dempsey beats Tommy Gibbons on points over 15 hard fought rounds in Shelby, Montana to retain world heavyweight boxing title
- 1924 Italian immigrant chef Caesar Cardini, creates his famous salad for the very first time, at his restaurant in Tijuana, Mexico [1]
- 1925 MLB New York Yankees Herb Pennock beats Philadelphia A's Lefty Grove 1-0 in 15 innings in first game of a doubleheader at Yankee Stadium
- 1925 The former Dreyfus Hotel collapses in Boston, Massachusetts, killing 44 of an estimated 200 patrons dancing in the second floor Pickwick Club
- 1926 NSDAP-party forms in Weimar
- 1927 First flight of the Lockheed Vega, a pilot plus four-passenger monoplane; its 225 HP engine allowed cruising speed of 120 MPH
Bradman Sets North American Record
1932 Don Bradman scores a North American record 260 v Western Ontario in Guelph during Australian cricket team's Goodwill Tour of North America
- 1933 Work begins on Oakland Bay Bridge
Atomic Chain-reaction Patented
1934 Hungarian physicist Leó Szilárd patents the chain-reaction design for the atomic bomb
Gehrig 1st Number Retired
1939 Lou Gehrig is first MLB player to have his number (4) retired on his "Appreciation Day" at Yankee Stadium, makes iconic "luckiest man" speech
- 1939 Red Sox 3rd baseman Jim Tabor hits record-tying 2 grand slams in one MLB game, 18-12 win v Phillies
- 1940 WWII: British Navy bombards neutral French battle fleet at Mers El Kébir, near Oran, French Algeria to prevent Axis powers from taking the ships; 1267 French serviceman die, one ship sunk and 5 more damaged
Penicillin Creators Met
1941 Howard Florey and Norman Heatley meet for 1st time, 11 days later they successfully recreate penicillin
- 1941 Latvia partisans shoot 416 Jews dead
- 1941 Politburo of Yugoslav communist party reorganizes
- 1942 1st American bombing missions over Nazi Germany-occupied Europe (WWII)
Siege of Sevastopol Ends
1942 Siege of Sevastopol ends with the surrender of Soviet forces and after massive German bombing raids that leave just 11 city buildings undamaged
- 1942 US air offensive against Nazi Germany begins
- 1944 1,100 US guns fire 4th of July salute at German lines in Normandy
Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
1944 1st Japanese kamikaze attack, US fleet near Iwo Jima
- 1944 Allied assault on Carpiquet airport at Caen
- 1944 Gestapo arrests German Social Democrat Julius Leber
- 1945 Field Marshal Henry Maitland Wilson gives Britain's agreement to use the atomic bomb against Japan at the Combined Policy Committee in Washington D. C.
- 1946 Anti Jewish riots in Kielce Poland, 42 die
- 1946 Philippines gains independence from US
President Manuel Roxas
1946 President Manuel Roxas inaugurated as the 5th President of the Philippines and the 1st President of an independent Philippines at the Independence Grandstand, Manila
- 1950 Boston Braves slugger Sid Gordon ties MLB season grand slam record (4) with a bases loaded hit vs Phillies
- 1950 Harry Truman signs public law 600 (Puerto Ricans write own constitution)
- 1950 The first broadcast by Radio Free Europe.
- 1952 Canadian Currency, Mint and Exchange Fund Act allows gold coins of $5, $10, and $20 to be minted
- 1953 Imre Nagy succeeds Matyas Rákosi as premier of Hungary
- 1954 Dr Sam Sheppard's wife Marilyn is murdered (he is accused of the crime)
- 1954 FIFA World Cup Final, Wankdorf Stadium, Bern, Switzerland: Helmut Rahn scores twice as West Germany beats Hungary, 3-2
- 1954 Meat and all other food rationing officially ends in Britain, nine years after the end of World War II
- 1954 WMSL (WYUR, now WAFF) TV channel 48 in Huntsville, AL (ABC) begins
- 1956 Independence National Historical Park forms in Philadelphia
- 1956 US most intense rain fall (1.23" in 1 minute) at Unionville Maryland
- 1957 Dutch 2nd Chamber accepts temporary tax increase
- 1959 America's new 49-star flag honoring Alaska statehood unfurled
- 1959 Cayman Islands separated from Jamaica, made a crown colony
- 1959 Island Records founded in Jamaica
- 1960 America's new 50-star flag honoring Hawaiian statehood unfurled
Baseball Record
1960 Yankees outfielder Mickey Mantle hits 3-run homer vs Washington, 18th MLB player to hit 300 HRs
Beatles Attacked
1966 Beatles attacked in the Philippines after (unintentionally) insulting First Lady Imelda Marcos
- 1967 Opening ceremony of Tassajara Zen Mountain Center
Event of Interest
1968 Arthur Kopit's "Indians" premieres in London
- 1968 Radio astronomy satellite Explorer 38 launched
Music History
1969 "Give Peace a Chance" single by John Lennon & Plastic Ono Band is released in UK
Music History
1969 140,000 attend 2-day Atlanta Pop Festival in Byron, Georgia; performers include: Janis Joplin; Blood, Sweat & Tears; Chicago; Led Zeppelin; Delaney and Bonnie; Creedence Clearwater Revival, Canned Heat; Joe Cocker; Chuck Berry; Spirit; and Johnny Winter
- 1969 The Ohio Fireworks Derecho kills 18 Ohioans and destroys over 100 boats on Lake Erie.
- 1969 USSR performs nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeast Kazakhstan
- 1970 100 injured in race rioting in Asbury Park, NJ
Radio Premiere
1970 Casey Kasem's "American Top 40" debuts on LA radio
- 1970 Chartered Dan-Air Comet crashes into mountains north of Barcelona, Spain killing 112 vacationing Britons
- 1970 The Falls Road curfew in North Ireland, imposed by the British Army while searching for IRA weapons, continues throughout the day; a man is killed by the British Army
- 1971 France performs nuclear test at Mururoa atoll
- 1972 The Royal Ulster Constabulary forward a file about the killings on 'Bloody Sunday' (30 January 1972) to the Director of Public Prosecutions for Northern Ireland
Film & TV History
1973 Alan Ayckbourn's "Absurd Person Singular," premieres in London
- 1973 CARICOM - Caribbean Community & Common Market, forms
- 1974 Mike Marshall goes 9-0 with 3 saves in 20 appearances in 30 days
- 1976 Israel launches hostage rescue mission of 106 Air France crew and passengers held at Entebbe Airport in Uganda by pro-Palestinian hijackers. Three hostages die along with all the hijackers, numerous Ugandan soldiers and Yonatan Netanyahu, an Israeli soldier
- 1976 Opening ceremony of the Dai Bosatsu monastery Catskill Mt NY
- 1977 Nigel Harrison replaces Gary Valentine as bassist of Blondie
- 1977 Norman Lear's late night television talk show parody "Fernwood 2-Night", starring Martin Mull, Fred Willard, and Frank De Vol, debuts in syndication
- 1977 Red Sox end 9-game losing streak by smashing a MLB-record 8 HRs in a 9-6 win vs Toronto at Fenway Park
- 1978 Memphis fire fighters halt 3-day strike under a court order
- 1979 Algerian ex-president Ahmed Ben Bella is freed after spending over a decade under house arrest
Baseball Record
1980 Nolan Ryan (Houston Astros) fans Reds' Cesar Geronimo to become 4th pitcher to 3,000 MLB strikeouts
- 1982 4th NASA Space Shuttle Mission: Columbia 4 (STS-4) lands at Edwards AFB
- 1982 Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado elected president of Mexico
- 1982 USSR performs nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeast Kazakhstan
Sports History
1983 NY Yankee pitcher Dave Righetti no-hits the Boston Red Sox, 4-0 at Yankee Stadium
- 1984 Funeral for S Nakagawa and burial of half his ashes next to N Senzaki
Baseball Record
1984 New York Yankees pitcher Phil Niekro strikes out Larry Parish (Texas Rangers) to become the 9th player to reach the 3,000 MLB strikeout milestone
- 1986 England cricket captain Mike Gatting smashes 183 not out in the drawn 3rd Test vs India at Birmingham
- 1987 Discovery moves to Launch Pad 39B for STS-26 mission
Event of Interest
1987 Nazi Klaus Barbie, "Butcher of Lyon" sentenced to life imprisonment in France
Sports History
1988 After a poor start to the season Kansas City Royals release Dan Quisenberry (record 5-time AL saves leader)
- 1988 US Navy shoots down Iranian civilian jetliner over Gulf, kills 290
Film & TV History
1989 14-year-old actress Drew Barrymore, attempts suicide