Philippicae
44 BC The first of Cicero's Philippics (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of them over the next several months.
Battle of Actium
31 BC Battle of Actium: decisive naval battle that effectively ends the Roman Republic. Octavian's forces defeat those under Mark Antony and Cleopatra off the western coast of Greece.
- 911 Viking-monarch Oleg of Kiev-Russia signs treaty with Byzantines
Treaty of Jaffa
1192 Sultan Saladin and King Richard the Lionheart of England sign treaty over Jerusalem, at end of the Third Crusade
- 1519 1st Battle of Tehuacingo, San Salvador vs Mexico
Ordinance on the Danish Church
1537 Danish King Christian III publishes "Ordinance on the Danish Church" establishing Lutheranism as the state religion within his realms
London Theatre Closure
1642 English Long Parliament issues Ordinance ordering closure of London theatres including the Globe theatre, once part-owned by William Shakespeare
- 1644 Robert Devereux's Parliamentarian infantry surrenders to Royalist forces in Battle of Lostwithiel, Cornwall, during English Civil War
Wars of Castro
1649 The Italian city of Castro is completely destroyed by the forces of Pope Innocent X, ending the Wars of Castro.
The Great Fire of London
1666 Great Fire of London begins at 2am in Pudding Lane, 80% of London is destroyed
Gregory Conquers Julius Caesar
1752 Last Julian calendar day in Great Britain and British colonies including America. To sync to the Gregorian calendar, 11 days are skipped and the next date is Sep 14.
- 1789 US Treasury Department established by Congress
September Massacres
1792 September Massacres of the French Revolution: In Paris rampaging mobs slaughter 3 Roman Catholic bishops, more than two hundred priests, and prisoners believed to be royalist sympathizers.
Battle of Atlanta
1864 US Civil War: Union General William T. Sherman captures and occupy Atlanta, Georgia, ending the Atlanta Campaign [1]
- 1867 1st girls School opens in Haarlem, The Netherlands
Battle of Sedan
1870 Napoleon III surrenders to Prussian armies at the Battle of Sedan
- 1878 Surrey left-arm slow round-arm bowler Ted Barratt takes 10-43 for the Players in Australia's 1st innings in a cricket tour match on his home ground at The Oval; all ten are caught or stumped; Australia wins by 8 runs
- 1885 In Rock Springs, Wyoming, 150 white miners, who were struggling to unionize so they could strike for better wages and work conditions, attack their Chinese fellow workers, killing 28, wounding 15, and forcing several hundred more out of town.
- 1894 -3] Amsterdam Municipal theater opens
- 1894 Forest fires destroy Hinckley Minnesota: about 600 die
- 1897 "McCal" magazine first published
Battle of Omdurman
1898 Battle of Omdurman: Lord Kitchener retakes Sudan for Britain
- 1898 Machine gun 1st used in battle
- 1900 A large demonstration by Nationalists in Dublin's Phoenix Park demand that Ireland be free of British rule
- 1900 Telegraph use between Germany & US begins
National Duties
1901 Theodore Roosevelt advises "Speak softly and carry a big stick" in an address to the Minnesota State Fair, entitled "National Duties"
- 1902 "A Trip To The Moon", the first sci-fi film, released
- 1905 Chinese crown discontinues its Imperial Examinations (Golden Lists), civil service recruitment exams that dated back in some form to 581AD and influenced British civil service and beyond [1]
- 1905 New Zealand beats Australia 14-3 in cold, wet conditions in the first international Rugby Union match between the countries on New Zealand soil at Tahuna Park in Dunedin
South Africa Act
1909 King Edward VII signs South Africa Act
- 1911 Joao Chagas forms Portuguese government
- 1913 Amsterdam reroutes sewage of canals to South Seas
- 1914 -3] Gen von Hausen & countess of France regime flees to Bordeaux
- 1914 The US Treasury Department establishes the Bureau of War Risk Insurance to provide up to $5 million worth of insurance for merchant ships and their crews
- 1917 Pan-Germanic and nationalist Fatherland Party (Deutsche Vaterlands Partei) formed by former Grand Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz
- 1919 Communist Party of America organizes in Chicago
- 1919 Italy agrees to general voting rights and proportional representation
- 1920 W Somerset Maugham's "East of Suez" premieres in London
Music History
1922 German President Friedrich Ebert declares "Deutschland Uber Alles" the German national anthem
- 1924 Rudolf Friml and Herbert Stothart's operetta "Rose-Marie" opens to rave reviews at the Imperial Theatre, NYC; runs for 577 performances
- 1926 Italy signs treaty with Yemen
- 1929 Unilever forms by merger of Margarine Union & Lever Bros
- 1929 WOR (NYC) ends affiliation with CBS radio network
- 1930 1st non-stop airplane flight from Europe to US (37 hrs)
Debut of Bing Crosby
1931 American crooner Bing Crosby makes his solo radio debut on his "15 Minutes with Bing Crosby" program broadcast on the CBS network
- 1935 Labor Day hurricane makes landfall in Florida, killing 423 people, the strongest and most intense hurricane ever to make landfall in the United States
- 1936 First transatlantic "ping-pong" round-trip air flight from New York to England and back begins, piloted by Dick Merrill with Harry Richman
- 1936 NFL Chicago College All-Star Game: All-Stars 7, Detroit Lions 7; 76,000 at Soldier Field
The Prisoner of Zenda
1937 Film "The Prisoner of Zenda" based on the novel and play by Anthony Hope, starring Ronald Colman, Madeleine Carroll and Douglas Fairbanks Jr. is released
- 1937 US Housing Authority created by National Housing Act
- 1940 Great Smoky Mountains National Park dedicated
- 1941 Academy copyrights Oscar statuette
- 1942 German troops enter Stalingrad
- 1944 Belgium's Emissie bank closes
- 1944 Future US President George H. W. Bush bails from a burning plane during a mission in the Pacific
- 1944 US leaders meet in Belgium
Declaration of Independence
1945 Ho Chi Minh declares Vietnam independent from France (National Day)
Surrender of Japan
1945 V-J Day, formal surrender of Japan signed aboard the USS Missouri, marks the end of World War II
Interim Government
1946 Jawaharlal Nehru forms the Interim Government of India
The Third Man
1949 "The Third Man", directed by Carol Reed, starring Joseph Cotten, Alida Valli and Orson Welles, is released in the United Kingdom (Academy Awards Best Cinematography 1950)
- 1949 Fire in riverfront area kills 1,700 in Chongqing, China
- 1951 Australia, NZ & US sign ANZUS-pact
- 1952 Dr Floyd J Lewis 1st uses deep freeze technique in heart surgery
- 1954 Hurricane Edna batters NE US, killing 20
- 1954 WTVD TV channel 11 in Raleigh-Durham, NC (ABC) begins broadcasting
- 1955 KCRA TV channel 3 in Sacramento, CA (NBC) begins broadcasting
F1 World Champion
1956 British Ferrari driver Peter Collins sportingly hands over his car to retired teammate Juan Manuel Fangio during season ending Italian Grand Prix at Monza; Fangio finishes 2nd to win F1 World Drivers Championship
- 1956 Collapse of a rail bridge under a train kills 120 (India)
- 1956 Juan Manuel Fangio of Argentina finishes 2nd in Italian GP at Monza to win his 3rd straight F1 World Drivers Championship by 3 points from Englishman Stirling Moss
- 1956 San Francisco Washington-Jackson cable line replaced by bus service
- 1957 Milwaukee 1st baseman Frank Torre scores 6 runs to tie the MLB record; Braves rout Chicago Cubs 23-10
- 1957 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
- 1958 Great Britain performs atmospheric nuclear test at Christmas Island
- 1958 Hendrik Verwoerd appointed Prime Minister of South Africa
- 1958 KAYS TV channel 7 in Hays, KS (CBS) begins broadcasting
- 1958 Minn announces $9 million bond issue to improve Metropolitan Stadium
- 1958 National Defense Education Act was signed
- 1958 U.S. Air Force C-130A-II is shot down by fighters over Yerevan, Armenia when it strays into Soviet airspace while conducting a sigint mission. All crew lost.
Event of Interest
1959 US President Eisenhower arrives in Paris
- 1960 American Mike Troy swims 200m butterfly world record 2:12.8 to win the gold medal from Australian Neville Hayes at the Rome Olympics
Olympic Gold
1960 American sprinter Wilma Rudolph wins the coveted 100m gold medal at the Rome Olympics in 11.0; beats Britain's Dorothy Hyman by 0.3; 1st of 3 gold medals for Rudolph
- 1960 New Zealand middle distance runner Peter Snell claims first of 3 career Olympic gold medals when he wins the 800m in Rome
- 1960 Tamara & Irina Press (Soviet Union) become first sisters to win Olympic gold medals; Tamara wins Rome Olympics shot put one day after Irina takes out 80m hurdles
- 1960 The first election of the Parliament of the Central Tibetan Administration, in history of Tibet. The Tibetan community observes this date as the Democracy Day.
- 1960 William Walton's 2nd Symphony, premieres
Baseball Record
1962 St. Louis 1st baseman Stan Musial's records his 3,516th hit in Cards' 4-3 loss v NY Mets; overtakes Tris Speaker into 2nd place behind Ty Cobb on the MLB all-time list
- 1962 USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
Event of Interest
1963 Alabama Governor George Wallace prevents integration of Tuskegee High School
- 1963 CBS expands "CBS Evening News" program, anchored by Walter Conkrite, from 15 to 30 minutes
- 1964 Indonesian paratroopers lands in Malaysia
Sports History
1965 Chicago Cubs slugger Ernie Banks hits his MLB 400th career HR (off Curt Simmons) in 5-3 win over St. Louis at Wrigley Field; Simmons also gave up Willie Mays' 400th HR in 1963
- 1965 Treblinka trial in Dusseldorf ends
Sports History
1966 Joe Auer returns the opening kickoff 95 yards for a Miami touchdown in the Dolphins' first ever NFL regular-season game; Oakland Raiders go on to win 23-14 at the Orange Bowl before 26,776 fans
- 1967 KUHI (now KSNF) TV channel 16 in Joplin, MO (CBS) begins broadcasting
- 1967 The Principality of Sealand is established, ruled by Prince Paddy Roy Bates.
Telethon
1968 Jerry Lewis' 3rd Muscular Dystrophy telethon
- 1969 Ralph Houk signs 3-year contract to manage New York Yankees at $65,000 a season, then the biggest salary in MLB
- 1969 The first automatic teller machine in the United States is installed in Rockville Center, New York.
- 1971 NY's Electric Circus Club goes out of business
- 1971 There are further Irish Republican Army bombs set off across the region, including one in Belfast which wrecked the headquarters of the Ulster Unionist Party
- 1972 American breaststroker Cathy Carr swims a world record 1:13.58 to win the 100m gold medal at the Munich Olympics
- 1972 American breaststroker John Hencken beats David Wilkie of Great Britain to win the 200m gold medal in world record 2:21.55 at the Munich Olympic Games
- 1972 Chicago Cubs pitcher Milt Pappas no-hits San Diego Padres, 8-0
- 1972 East German sprinter Renate Stecher sets world record 11.07 to beat Raelene Boyle of Australia for the women's 100m gold medal at the Munich Olympics
- 1972 East German swimmer Roland Matthes wraps up the Olympic backstroke double with a world record 2:02.82 in the 200m in Munich, having already won the 100m in Olympic record time
- 1972 For the first time since the advent of the Modern Olympics in 1896, a non-American wins the pole vault gold medal; East German Wolfgang Nordwig clears 5.5m at the Munich Games
- 1972 French track cyclist Daniel Morelon successfully defends his Olympic sprint title beating Australian John Nicholson for the gold medal in Munich
- 1972 John Akii-Bua of Uganda with a world record 47.82 wins the 400m hurdles gold medal at the Munich Olympics
#1 in the Charts
1972 Rod Stewart's 1st #1 hit single in the UK, "You Wear it Well"
- 1972 The headquarters of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) in Belfast is severely damaged by an IRA bomb
- 1972 USSR performs nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeast Kazakhstan
Sports History
1973 Billy Martin is fired as Detroit Tigers manager due to continual differences with the front office; goes on to manage Texas, Oakland and NY Yankees (in 5 separate stints)
- 1973 Netherlands win their first men’s hockey World Cup, 4-2 on penalties over India in Amstelveen, Netherlands
- 1974 Jerry Lewis' 9th Muscular Dystrophy telethon
Event of Interest
1974 US President Gerald Ford signs Employee Retirement Income Security Act
- 1978 John McClain performs 180 outside loops in an airplane over Houston
Baseball Record
1978 Yankees right fielder Reggie Jackson hits his 20th HR of the season in a 6-2 home win over Seattle; 19th MLB player to hit 20 HR in 11 straight years
Sports History
1979 US Men's Amateur Golf Championship, Canterbury GC: Mark O'Meara wins 8 & 7 over John Cook
Cricket History
1980 Australian cricket batsman Kim Hughes becomes 3rd player to bat on all 5 days of a Test match as the rain affected Centenary Test peters out to a draw at Lord's; BBC's John Arlott calls his final match
Event of Interest
1983 Yitzḥak Shamir (Likud party) endorsed by Menachem Begin for Israeli Prime Minister
- 1985 Jerry Lewis' 20th Muscular Dystrophy telethon raises $33,100,000
Music History
1986 Cathy Evelyn Smith sentenced to 3 years for drug related death of John Belushi
Event of Interest
1987 Donald Trump takes out a full page NY Times ad lambasting Japan
- 1987 Houston outfielder Kevin Bass becomes 1st NL player to switch hit HRs in a game twice in one season in Astros 10-1 win v Cubs
- 1987 Philips introduces CD-video
- 1987 Trial begins in Moscow for West German pilot Mathias Rust, who flew a private plane from Finland to Moscow, USSR
Bensonhurst Protest March
1989 Reverend Al Sharpton leads a civil rights march through Bensonhurst, Brooklyn
- 1990 Steve Allen, installed as a new abbot of Hartford St Zen Center, San Francisco
- 1990 Toronto Blue Jays pitcher Dave Stieb throws MLB record 9th no-hitter of the season; beats Cleveland, 3-0
Ropin' the Wind
1991 "Ropin' the Wind" 3rd studio album by Garth Brooks is released (Billboard Album of the Year 1992)
- 1991 Jerry Lewis' 26th Muscular Dystrophy telethon raises $45,071,657
- 1991 US officially recognizes independence of Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania
- 1992 Nicaragua struck by earthquake/floodings; 118 die
- 1992 US dollar valued at 156.50 guilder (record)
Dictator Bokassa I
1993 Central African Republic ex-emperor Jean-Bédel Bokassa freed
- 1993 Day of Peace in South Africa
World Record
1994 Spanish road cyclist Miguel Induráin sets UCI hour world record distance 53.04 kilometers in Bordeaux, France
Bruno vs. McCall
1995 British boxer Frank Bruno beats American champion Oliver McCall in a unanimous 12 round points decision in London for the WBC heavyweight title
- 1995 Southern California begins using new area code 562
- 1996 A peace agreement is signed between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the Moro National Liberation Front in Malacañang Palace.
- 1996 Jerry Lewis' 31st Muscular Dystrophy telethon raises $49,200,000
Niterói Contemporary Art Museum
1996 Museum of Contemporary Art of Niterói (MAC) designed by Oscar Niemeyer inaugurated in Niterói, Brazil
- 1996 Soyuz TM-24, lands
- 1997 Howard Stern Radio Show premieres in Montreal Canada on CHOM 97.7 FM and in Toronto Canada on CILQ 107.1 FM
- 1998 Swissair Flight 111 crashes near Peggys Cove, Nova Scotia. All 229 people on board are killed.
- 1998 The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda finds Jean-Paul Akayesu, the former mayor of a small town in Rwanda, guilty of nine counts of genocide
Being John Malkovich
1999 "Being John Malkovich" premieres directed by Spike Jonze, starring John Cusack and Cameron Diaz
Schumacher Wins #52
2001 German Ferrari driver Michael Schumacher wins the Belgian Grand Prix at Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps for his record 52nd F1 Grand Prix victory
- 2012 15 people are killed by a car bomb attack at a refugee camp in Sbeineh, Palestine
- 2012 A decades-long ban on veiled female news presenters is lifted from State television in Egypt
- 2015 Earth's trees number just over 3 trillion according to study in "Nature" by Thomas Crowther of Yale University
Obama Visits Arctic
2015 US President Barack Obama becomes the first president to visit the Arctic Circle at Kotzebue, Alaska
- 2018 About 400 prisoners escape a jail near Tripoli in Libya during militia fighting
- 2018 Major fire at the National Museum of Brazil in Rio de Janeiro destroys most of its 20 million artifacts
Johnson Threatens Snap Election
2019 British Prime Minister Boris Johnson threatens a snap general election if rebel MPs pass bill against no-deal Brexit
- 2019 Diving boat catches fire at night killing 34 asleep on board off Santa Cruz Island, California
- 2019 Violence and looting directed at foreigners in Johannesburg results in five deaths and dozens arrested by South African police
- 2020 Australia officially enters recession for the first time in almost 3 decades with GDP falling 7% (April-June)
- 2020 British architect Richard Rogers designer of the Pompidou Centre and the Millennial Dome retires
Berlusconi Tests Positive
2020 Former Italian PM Silvio Berlusconi tests positive for COVID-19 and is later hospitalized
- 2020 Press conference with body camera evidence brings to light death of African American Daniel Prude after being retrained by police back in March
- 2021 At least 43 people die as the remnants of Hurricane Ida hit the US Northeast with record rains, tornadoes and flooding with New York and New Jersey declaring state of emergency
- 2022 Attempted assassination of Argentina's vice-president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner fails when the gun jams outside her home in Buenos Aires [1]
- 2022 Russian state-controlled energy firm Gazprom indefinitely suspends supplies of natural gas to Germany and Europe via the Nord Stream 1 pipeline, amid accusations of weaponizing its energy supplies [1]
- 2023 American rock band Aerosmith kicks off "Peace Out: The Farewell Tour" with concert at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- 2023 India successfully launches its first spacecraft, Aditya-L1, to study the sun [1]
